Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences
JABS
Sat, Jun 6, 2026
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Volume 16, Issue 2 (3-2026)
J Adv Biomed Sci. 2026, 16(2): 158-166 |
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Ethics code: IR.ZBMU.REC.1400.143
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Saravani K, Shahraki Mojahed L, Poursamimi J, Ghafari M, Mirshekar M. Chronic Continuous Whole-Body 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi Exposure (Estimated SAR ~1.4 W/kg) Reduces Serum Thyroid Hormones and Alters Thyroid Histology in Adult Male Wistar Rats. J Adv Biomed Sci. 2026; 16 (2) :158-166
URL: http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3206-en.html
URL: http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3206-en.html
Khadijeh Saravani1 
, Laleh Shahraki Mojahed2 , Javad Poursamimi *3 , Mehrangiz Ghafari4 , Mehdi Mirshekar5
, Laleh Shahraki Mojahed2 , Javad Poursamimi *3 , Mehrangiz Ghafari4 , Mehdi Mirshekar5
1- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
2- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences.Zabol, Iran
3- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
4- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
5- Student Research Committee, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, lran
2- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences.Zabol, Iran
3- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
4- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
5- Student Research Committee, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, lran
Abstract: (93 Views)
Background & Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate serum thyroid hormone levels and thyroid histopathology following chronic whole-body exposure to 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi radiation in adult male Wistar rats using an estimated whole-body specific absorption rate (SAR).
Materials & Methods: Twenty adult male Wistar rats (150 to 200 g) were randomly allocated to either the control group (n = 10) or the Wi-Fi exposure group (n = 10). The exposure group underwent continuous whole-body irradiation with a 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi signal for 24 h/day over a 30 day period. The estimated mean whole-body SAR in the exposed group was 1.4 W/kg (range: 1.2 to 1.6 W/kg). Serum concentrations of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured using radioimmunoassay. Thyroid tissues were subsequently processed for histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Statistical analyses were conducted using appropriate parametric or nonparametric tests, with statistical significance defined as p < 0.05.
Results: Compared with the control group, rats exposed to Wi-Fi radiation exhibited significantly lower serum concentrations of T3 (1.73 ± 0.16 vs. 2.14 ± 0.17 ng/mL; p < 0.001), T4 (6.88 ± 0.19 vs. 7.38 ± 0.30 µg/dL; p = 0.003), and TSH (0.03 ± 0.01 vs. 0.05 ± 0.02 mIU/L; p = 0.014). Histopathological evaluation demonstrated reduced follicular diameter, manifested by the appearance of microfollicles, diminished colloid content, and disorganization of follicular epithelial cells in exposed animals relative to controls.
Conclusion: Continuous exposure to 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi radiation at an estimated whole-body SAR of approximately 1.4 W/kg (range: 1.2 to 1.6 W/kg) for 30 days was associated with reduced serum T3, T4, and TSH concentrations, together with structural alterations in thyroid tissue in adult male rats.
Materials & Methods: Twenty adult male Wistar rats (150 to 200 g) were randomly allocated to either the control group (n = 10) or the Wi-Fi exposure group (n = 10). The exposure group underwent continuous whole-body irradiation with a 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi signal for 24 h/day over a 30 day period. The estimated mean whole-body SAR in the exposed group was 1.4 W/kg (range: 1.2 to 1.6 W/kg). Serum concentrations of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured using radioimmunoassay. Thyroid tissues were subsequently processed for histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Statistical analyses were conducted using appropriate parametric or nonparametric tests, with statistical significance defined as p < 0.05.
Results: Compared with the control group, rats exposed to Wi-Fi radiation exhibited significantly lower serum concentrations of T3 (1.73 ± 0.16 vs. 2.14 ± 0.17 ng/mL; p < 0.001), T4 (6.88 ± 0.19 vs. 7.38 ± 0.30 µg/dL; p = 0.003), and TSH (0.03 ± 0.01 vs. 0.05 ± 0.02 mIU/L; p = 0.014). Histopathological evaluation demonstrated reduced follicular diameter, manifested by the appearance of microfollicles, diminished colloid content, and disorganization of follicular epithelial cells in exposed animals relative to controls.
Conclusion: Continuous exposure to 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi radiation at an estimated whole-body SAR of approximately 1.4 W/kg (range: 1.2 to 1.6 W/kg) for 30 days was associated with reduced serum T3, T4, and TSH concentrations, together with structural alterations in thyroid tissue in adult male rats.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Histology
Received: 2025/12/11 | Revised: 2026/05/26 | Accepted: 2026/02/8 | Published: 2026/05/26
Received: 2025/12/11 | Revised: 2026/05/26 | Accepted: 2026/02/8 | Published: 2026/05/26
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons — Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)