en قرار گرفتن مزمن تمام بدن در معرض امواج وای‌فای ۲.۴۵ گیگاهرتز (SAR 1.4 W/kg) هورمون‌های تیروئید سرم را کاهش داده و باعث تغییرات بافت‌شناسی در موش‌های صحرایی نر بالغ ویستار می‌شود. بافت شناسي Histology پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:#2f5496">Background & Objectives:</span> </b>This study aimed to evaluate serum thyroid hormone levels and thyroid histopathology following chronic whole-body exposure to 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi radiation in adult male Wistar rats using an estimated whole-body specific absorption rate (SAR).</span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:#2f5496">Materials & Methods:</span> </b>Twenty adult male Wistar rats (150 to 200 g) were randomly allocated to either the control group (n = 10) or the Wi-Fi exposure group (n = 10). The exposure group underwent continuous whole-body irradiation with a 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi signal for 24 h/day over a 30 day period. The estimated mean whole-body SAR in the exposed group was 1.4 W/kg (range: 1.2 to 1.6 W/kg). Serum concentrations of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured using radioimmunoassay. Thyroid tissues were subsequently processed for histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Statistical analyses were conducted using appropriate parametric or nonparametric tests, with statistical significance defined as p < 0.05.</span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:#2f5496">Results:</span> </b>Compared with the control group, rats exposed to Wi-Fi radiation exhibited significantly lower serum concentrations of T3 (1.73 &plusmn; 0.16 vs. 2.14 &plusmn; 0.17 ng/mL; p < 0.001), T4 (6.88 &plusmn; 0.19 vs. 7.38 &plusmn; 0.30 &micro;g/dL; p = 0.003), and TSH (0.03 &plusmn; 0.01 vs. 0.05 &plusmn; 0.02 mIU/L; p = 0.014). Histopathological evaluation demonstrated reduced follicular diameter, manifested by the appearance of microfollicles, diminished colloid content, and disorganization of follicular epithelial cells in exposed animals relative to controls.</span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="color:#2f5496">Conclusion:</span></b> Continuous exposure to 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi radiation at an estimated whole-body SAR of approximately 1.4 W/kg (range: 1.2 to 1.6 W/kg) for 30 days was associated with reduced serum T3, T4, and TSH concentrations, together with structural alterations in thyroid tissue in adult male rats.</span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></b></span></span></span></div> Electromagnetic fields, Wi-Fi, Thyroid hormones, Hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis 158 166 http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3221-5&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Khadijeh Saravani خدیجه سراوانی 100319475328460030715 100319475328460030715 No Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran گروه پزشکی اجتماعی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی زابل، زابل، ایران Laleh Shahraki Mojahed لاله شهرکی مجاهد 100319475328460030716 100319475328460030716 No Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences.Zabol, Iran گروه بیوشیمی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی زابل، زابل، ایران Javad Poursamimi جواد پورصمیمی 100319475328460030717 100319475328460030717 Yes Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran گروه ایمونولوژی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی زابل، زابل، ایران Mehrangiz Ghafari مهرانگیز غفاری 100319475328460030718 100319475328460030718 No Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran گروه پاتولوژی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی زابل، زابل، ایران Mehdi Mirshekar مهدی میرشکار 100319475328460030719 0009-0005-0731-3418 No Student Research Committee, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, lran کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی زابل، زابل، ایران