@article{ 
author = {YazdianAnari, Syavash and Saminasab, Nafiseh and Ramezani, Mina and Mohammadgholi, Azadeh},  
title = {Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes Loaded with Tamoxifen and Their Anticancer Potential against Human Breast Cancer Cells}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) serve as molecular carriers for in vivo and in vitro delivery. Initial studies have suggested that nanotubes in drug delivery can enhance the therapeutic response to anti-cancer drugs. The present study intended to investigate the effect of CNTs carrying tamoxifen (TAM-CNTs) on the induction of apoptosis in the MDA-MB-231 cell line. Materials & Methods: The cells were treated with various concentrations of TAM and TAM-CNTs. The IC50 for these compounds was determined using a MTT assay. The cells were then treated with a lower concentration of IC50. The BAX and BCL-2 genes expression were evaluated by Real-Time PCR and Western blot. Flow cytometry was employed for evaluating apoptosis induction by TAM and TAM-CNTs. Results: The IC50 value of TAM and TAM-CNTs in a 48-hour period was 66.19 mg/mL and 36.59 mg/mL, respectively. The results demonstrated that BAX in the cells treated with TAM and TAM-CNTs was upregulated 3.64 and 7.88 times, respectively (P <0.05). Conversely, BCL-2 was downregulated 3.98 and 5.31 times (P <0.05). Furthermore, Western blot experiments confirmed the expression of BAX and BCL-2 proteins based on their gene expression. Flow cytometry results indicated that the viability of MDA-MB-231 cells in the control group, TAM-treated, and TAM-CNTs-treated cells was 95.3%, 64.9%, and 13.75%, respectively. This suggests that TAM-CNTs significantly diminishes cell viability compared to TAM (P <0.001). Conclusion: The findings revealed that TAM accompanied by CNTs exhibits a greater cytotoxic and apoptotic effect on MDA-MB-231 cells.  },  
Keywords = {Tamoxifen, Carbon Nanotubes, Nano-delivery system, Apoptosis},
volume = {14},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {1-11}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i1.14805},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3025-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3025-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Zabihi, Razieh and Majidzadeh-A, Keivan and Morovvati, Abbas and Soleimni, Mohamm},  
title = {A Real-time Quantitative Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay Targeting com1 Gene of Coxiella burnetii}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: The present study designed a loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method to rapidly detect Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii) and develop a sensitive Real-time quantitative LAMP (Q-LAMP) assay to quantify Q fever. Materials & Methods: Primers were specifically designed for use in targeting the com1 conserved gene of C. burnetii to carry out LAMP detection of the agent causing Q fever. After obtaining the LAMP reaction, the sensitivity of the method was assessed by preparing a serial ten-fold dilution of a plasmid carrying com1 gene. Results: The assay’s sensitivity for the visual detection of changes in turbidity or turbidimeter and electrophoresis of agarose gel were 0.4 fg and 0.04 fg, respectively. Hence, the lower limit of detection was 120 and 12 copies of the gene detected in 60 min. The results of this study were indicative of the simplicity, rapidness, sensitivity, and specificity of the LAMP assay for C. burnetii detection and a probable improvement of the diagnostic procedure used in clinical laboratories. Conclusion: The assay specificity was assessed using Coxiella genomic DNA and a panel of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The LAMP assay was shown to be highly specific for detection of Coxiella without any observable amplification products from non-Coxiella organisms.},  
Keywords = {Coxiella burnetii, Q fever, Loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP)},
volume = {14},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {12-20}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i1.14802},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3024-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3024-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Armand, Nezam and Morovvati, Hassan and Azizi, Yaser},  
title = {The Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Produced from Extract of Medicinal Plant (Kelussia) on Kidney Function Tests}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Kelussia odoratissima is involved in the treatment of kidney stones, irritation of the urinary tract and kidney and bladder cleansing. It is useful for gout patients and is used to treat kidney and ureteral stones. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Kelussia odoratissima on renal function tests in male rats. Materials & Methods: In this study, 20 rats were randomly divided into one control group and three treatment groups (n=5 per group). The treatment groups received a 40, 80, and 120 mg/kg silver nanoparticles produced by the extracts of Kelussia, orally once a day for 6 days. After taking a blood sample, a kidney function test was performed. SPSS software version 21 was used for data collection, and the results were presented as mean and standard deviation (mean±SEM). Results: Oral administration of silver nanoparticles produced by Kelussia extracts at 80 mg/kg dose significantly reduced bilirubin and urea compared to the control group (P<0.05). The 120 mg/kg dose also significantly reduced urea compared to the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant effect on total protein, albumin and urea. Conclusion: Silver nanoparticles produced by the Kelussia extracts did not show any negative effect on kidney function, but had some positive effect on waste removal.},  
Keywords = {Kelussia, Kidney, Rat},
volume = {14},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {21-26}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i1.14803},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-2318-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-2318-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Vojdani, Salman and Hojjati, Sarah and SadeghiMazidi, Zahra and TalebiMoghaddam, Maryam},  
title = {The Effect of a Six-Week Home Exercise Program on Pain and Disability in Ultrasound-Diagnosed Patients with Subacromial Subdeltoid Impingement Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: There is conflicting evidence regarding the effects of exercise on shoulder impingement syndrome. Exercise therapy is one of the methods used to reduce pain and increase muscle strength in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome. There are several exercise therapy programs available in this area. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of exercise therapy on pain and disability in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome. Materials & Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted in 25 patients with impingement syndrome from the Dastgheib Yasaei Pain Clinic in Fasa. Patients were randomized to receive medication (n=13) or medication plus exercise therapy (n=12). The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and the Verbal Numeric Rating Scale were used to measure disability and pain intensity before and after the intervention. Patient satisfaction was measured using the Likert scale. Independent and paired t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and chi-squared were performed at a significant level of P≤0.05. Analyses were performed with SPSS software (version 25.0). Results: There were no differences between groups in pre-intervention demographics (P>0.05), pain intensity (P=0.16), and ODI scores (0.93). Post-intervention pain and ODI scores were significantly higher in the medication group than in the medication-exercise group (P=0.06, P=0.03, respectively). There was a significant difference in pain and ODI scores at post-intervention compared to pre-intervention in both groups (P<0.001). The difference in pain intensity between pre- and post-intervention in both groups was also statistically significant (P=0.006). There was a significant difference in patient satisfaction between groups (P=0.03). Conclusion: These results suggest that a regular exercise program, along with medication, may be effective in reducing pain and disability in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome.  },  
Keywords = {shoulder impingement syndrome, pain and disability, Exercise training},
volume = {14},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {27-35}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i1.14804},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-2988-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-2988-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Karimivaselabadi, Abolfazl and Karimi, Shahnaz and Bijani, Mostafa and Ghasemian, Abdolmajid and Bazrafshan, Mohammad-Rafi and Barbaresi, Silvia and Sharafi, Mehdi and Dehghan, Azizallah},  
title = {Identification and Analysis of Dyslipidemia  Risk Factors in a Population-Based Study: Data from the Fasa Persian Cohort}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Dyslipidemia is a major public health issue worldwide characterized by changes in lipid index such as cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides (TG).This manuscript aimed to investigate the associated factors of dyslipidemia in Fasa Persian cohort study. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the baseline data of Fasa Persian cohort with an initial sample size of 10129 subjects (35-70 years old) in 2021 in Iran. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between covariates and dyslipidemia. Results: The number of males in this study was 4572 and the number of females was 5557. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in them was 40.8% and 27.7%, respectively (p-value < 0.001), and the prevalence of dyslipidemia in the whole study population was 3407 (33.6%).  Dyslipidemia was also more common in alcoholics, opium users, smokers, high glycemic index and higher body mass index (BMI). Men were 1.68 times more likely to have dyslipidemia than women. Opium and cigarette smokers were 1.15 and 1.36 times more likely to have dyslipidemia than non-smokers, respectively. Also, as BMI increases, the likelihood of dyslipidemia becomes higher than the reference group (below 18.5), and people with a BMI greater than 30 have the highest obesity range. Conclusions: This study showed that the prevalence of dyslipidemia in the studied population was higher in men than in women and several risk factors such as gender differences, body mass index, smoking and opium use are effective in the prevalence of dyslipidemia.  },  
Keywords = {Dyslipidemia , Cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein, Related Factors},
volume = {14},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {36-46}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i1.14801},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3020-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3020-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Hosseinpoor, Mohammadjav},  
title = {Intelligent Diagnosis of Heart Diseases Based on Electrocardiographic Signal}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death worldwide. ECG signals are used to diagnose it. This study aims to eliminate signal noise by converting available wavelets and extracting existing waves. The location-related properties and amplitude of these waves will be extracted to develop a model based on the random forest algorithm for training and evaluating the algorithm. Materials & Methods: This study uses the MIT-BIH dataset, which contains digital ECG signals extracted from Holter bands for different patients at Arrhythmia Hospital from 1975 to 1979. The study applies signal processing and machine learning techniques to classify ECG signals and identify heart patients. The MATLAB software implemented the algorithm, which was evaluated based on accuracy, error rate, TP, FP, Precision, Recall, F-Measure, and ROC criteria. These criteria were determined by a confusion matrix. Results: The study results and comparisons demonstrate that the proposed method is highly effective in detecting heart patients. The proposed method's accuracy was found to be 99%, which is higher than other machine learning methods. Conclusion: The proposed method achieved an accuracy of 99.1957%, surpassing other machine learning methods like support vector machine, neural network, and Bayes.  },  
Keywords = {Heart disease, MIT-BIH dataset, Random Forest algorithm, Wavelet transform},
volume = {14},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {47-55}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i1.14806},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-2965-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-2965-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Dastgir, Mansoreh and Rigi, Garshasb and Ghaedmohammadi, Samira and Tahmasebi, Sedigheh},  
title = {Investigating The Expression Changes of miR-93-3p, NFATc1 and NFATc3 Genes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) of Breast Cancer Patients}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Breast cancer is the most lethal malignancy in women. miRNAs function as epigenetic regulators and contribute to the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) and 3 (NFATc3), are targeted by microRNA-93 (miR-93). This study aims to evaluate the expression of these genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of healthy women and women with breast cancer. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, blood samples were collected from 20 healthy women and 20 women with early-stage breast cancer. After isolating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed. The expression of the desired genes was then examined by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Statistical analysis was conducted. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant, and Student's t-test was used to evaluate the relative changes in gene expression. Results: The results demonstrated that the expression of NFATc1 and NFATc3 genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of breast cancer patients was significantly reduced compared to their expression in healthy individuals. Conversely, the expression of the miR-93-3p gene was significantly lower in healthy women than in breast cancer patients (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study investigated the expression of miR-93-3p and its downstream targets, the NFATc1 and NFATc3 genes, for the first time in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The expression levels were shown to be significantly different in patients with breast cancer compared to healthy women. Keywords:},  
Keywords = {Breast Neoplasms, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, MicroRNAs},
volume = {14},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {56-66}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i1.14807},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3022-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3022-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Heydari, Sina and Jafarnezhad, Aboubakr and Faryabi, Reza and Raesi, Rasoul and Goroohi, Mahya and Mehralizade, Akbar and AmiriGhanatsaman, Fatemeh and Daneshi, Salm},  
title = {Comparison of Treatment Outcomes for Tennis Elbow: Corticosteroid Injection and Casting vs. Acupuncture and Physiotherapy}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectivs: Today, despite the existence of numerous treatments for tennis elbow, the search for more effective methods continues due to the limited efficacy of these existing approaches. This study aimed to compare the results of tennis elbow treatment in two groups: patients receiving corticosteroid injection and casting, and patients receiving acupuncture and physiotherapy. Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental study, conducted in Jiroft in 2021, investigated the effectiveness of different treatment approaches for tennis elbow. Fifty patients diagnosed with tennis elbow were randomly divided into two groups of 25 each. One group received a combination of corticosteroids and casts, while the other group received acupuncture and physiotherapy.  A pain line was used to assess pain levels based on VAS criteria. Data were analyzed using SPSS-26 statistical software, employing Chi-square, Fisher's Exact, Mann-Whitney, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. Results: The majority of patients were female (66%) and housewives (46%).  There was a significant difference in pain outcomes between the two groups: physiotherapy alone and physiotherapy combined with corticosteroids and casts. This difference was observed across various conditions (pain at rest, pain during activity, and amount of pain evoked during activity) (p <0.05). In simpler terms, corticosteroids and casts were more effective in reducing pain from tennis elbow compared to acupuncture and physiotherapy.  Additionally, corticosteroids and casts had a greater effect on hand movement (supination, pronation, extension, and flexion) compared to acupuncture and physiotherapy. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that treatment of tennis elbow with a combination of corticosteroid injection and casting is more effective than acupuncture or physiotherapy alone. Corticosteroid injections themselves are also an effective way to relieve tennis elbow pain.},  
Keywords = {Tennis Elbow, therapeutics, injections,acupuncture, orthopedics, patients},
volume = {14},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {67-76}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i1.14808},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3036-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3036-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {RajabpourSanati, Ali and Irankhah, Shahriar and Rahmani, Laadan and Riasi, Hamidrez},  
title = {Neurological Manifestations and Risk Factors of HTLV-1 Infection in the Middle East Region and Iran: A Comprehensive Review of 137 Articles of the Last 23 Years}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: The Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) retrovirus is prevalent in some regions, such as Iran. This comprehensive literature review explores the symptoms and risk factors associated with HTLV-1 infection Middle East Region and Iran. Materials & Methods: This narrative review used PubMed, Scopus, Embase, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar as searching engines using terms HTLV-1, neurological disorders, pathogenesis, transmission, diagnosis, treatment, and epidemiology for articles published between 2000 and 2023. In total, 137 articles were eligible. Results: Breastfeeding, unsafe sexual contact, and contaminated blood products are main HTLV-1 transmission routes. Brazil, Ecuador, and the Dominican Republic are countries with a high percentage of HTLV-1 infection, with estimates ranging from 1% to 13.9% in Brazil, up to 57% in Ecuador, and 1% to 5% in the Dominican Republic and it is endemic in Iran, Japan, the Caribbean, South America, and Africa. While numerous patients are asymptomatic, the virus can cause HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and peripheral neuropathy. Tax viral proteins cause nervous system inflammation and HAM/TSP. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) may decipher spinal cord shrinkage and white matter lesions in affected patients. Immunodeficiency conditions, blood transfusion, and risky sexual behavior increase infection rate. The neurological symptoms are initiated with sensory-motor impairments. The main symptoms are limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, and cognitive impairment. Conclusion: HTLV-1 infection is highly prevalent in Japan, Africa, the Caribbean, Central and South America, and Iran (especially in northeastern regions like Neyshabur). By understanding the pathogenesis and epidemiology of HTLV-1, proper strategies and targeted treatments can be developed for a ssociated disorders like HAM/TSP. International collaboration is essential in addressing health concerns related to HTLV-1 infection.  },  
Keywords = {Nervous System, HTLV Viruses, HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP)},
volume = {14},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {77-93}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i2.15749},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3001-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3001-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Fateh, Mozhgan and Forohi, Fatemeh and Rafiee, Fatemeh},  
title = {The Antimicrobial Effect of Lactobacillus casei against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli Isolated from Urinary Samples}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a serious issue affecting both men and women resulting from the invasion of microbial agents into the urinary system. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) against Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from UTI. Materials & Methods: In this study, 100 urine specimens were obtained from medical laboratories in western Tehran. E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates were identified and subsequently confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antibiotic susceptibility patterns were determined using the disk diffusion method. The antimicrobial activity of L. casei against these strains (four multidrug-resistant isolates from each species) was then evaluated using the agar well diffusion method. Results: From 100 urine specimens, 76 E. coli and 14 K. pneumoniae isolates were identified. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that imipenem and nitrofurantoin were the most effective antibiotics against E. coli, while amikacin demonstrated the highest efficacy against K. pneumoniae. In the agar well diffusion assay, L. casei generated growth inhibition zones measuring 19.8 mm ± 3 for E. coli and 20.3 mm ± 4 for K. pneumoniae. Conclusions: Lactobacillus casei demonstrates notable antimicrobial efficacy against both E. coli and K. pneumoniae, suggesting its potential as an alternative therapeutic option for UTIs.  },  
Keywords = {Lactobacillus casei, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Urinary Tract Infection, Probiotics},
volume = {14},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {94-103}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i2.15755},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3051-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3051-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Pezeshki, Babak and Torabi, Seyed Mohammadreza and SedighRahimabadi, Massih and Pourmontaseri, Hossein and Namjoyan, Foroogh and Dabbaghmanesh, Mohammad Hossein and Zarenezhad, Elham and Sharafi, Mehdi and rostamichijan, Mahs},  
title = {A Complementary Therapy with Trigonella foenum-graecum L. and Citrullus colocynthis (L.) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Diabetes is a known chronic disease affecting more than 400 million people and causing millions of deaths worldwide annually. The World Health Organization predicts that by 2030, diabetes will become the seventh leading cause of death. In the last decades, numerous chemotherapy approaches have been used. However, herbal remedies have accounted for more than 70 percent of the total administered antidiabetic treatments during the last decade. In this study, we aimed to develop a novel natural antidiabetic therapy with Trigonella foenum-graecum (T. foenum-graecum) L. and Citrullus colocynthis (C. colocynthis) (L.). Based on past studies, using C. colocynthis singly can cause diarrhea, abdominal pain, and heartburn, hence in order to reduce these complications, we applied this plant in combination with T. foenum-graecum based on the recommendations of Persian medicine references. Materials & Methods: We admitted 34 diabetics aged 30-65 years old to design a double-blind parallel randomized controlled clinical trial. We prepared therapeutic capsules containing a combination of 40 mg of C. colocynthis and 350 mg of T. foenum-graecum L. We divided participants into an interventional (n=17) and placebo (n=17) groups and measured fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels, lipid profile, and liver function tests initially. After two weeks, all participants returned for a visit, and FBS and blood sugar (BS) were measured. At the end (12th week), all outcomes were measured and analyzed using an independent t-test and Chi-squared (χ2). Results: The FBS levels decreased significantly in the intervention group compared to that of the control group (171.8±54.9 versus 149.6±46.4, p=0.024), but the improvements in the lipid profile and liver function were not statistically significant. Conclusion: This study unveiled that combination of T. foenum-graecum L. and C. colocynthis L. at safe levels significantly decreased the FBS levels among T2DM patients. Further studies are needed to provide more efficient antidiabetic effects with the low side effects.},  
Keywords = {Diabetes, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Citrullus colocynthis, Herbal extracts, Treatment},
volume = {14},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {104-114}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i2.15753},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3049-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3049-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Shaibani, Zahra and Rafieirad, Maryam},  
title = {Protective Effect of Oleuropein on Memory Impairment and Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Rats via Modulation of NF-kB and Nrf-2 Pathways}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Diabetes is the most common metabolic disease, associated with hyperglycemia and long-term complications. This study aimed to elucidate the anti-diabetic role of oleuropein (OLE) in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic animal model. Materials & Methods: Adult male Wistar rats (200–250 g) were randomly divided into four groups: 1) Control group, 2) STZ group: diabetic rats that received STZ (60 mg/kg), 3) OLE 50 group: diabetic rats treated with oral OLE at 50 mg/kg of body weight daily for 28 days, and 4) OLE 100 group: diabetic rats treated with oral OLE at 100 mg/kg of body weight daily for 28 days. Memory function and biochemical factors such as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and total thiol activity were evaluated in the rats' cerebral cortex and striatum tissues. Moreover, nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway activation were determined in cerebral cortex and striatum tissues by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Chronic administration of OLE ameliorated cognitive deficits and attenuated oxidative stress induced by diabetes. Additionally, OLE significantly prevented the activation of the pro-inflammatory marker NF-κB and downregulated Nrf2 expression in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Conclusion: Our results confirm the significant protective role of OLE against STZ-induced diabetes in rats by up-regulating Nrf2 signaling and enhancing antioxidant activity.  },  
Keywords = {‎Diabetes , Oleuropein , Oxidative stress , Memory , Nrf-2 , Rat},
volume = {14},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {115-127}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i2.15756},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3064-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3064-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {BastaniNejad, Zahra and Nikrouz, Laila and Abdollahi, Abbas},  
title = {Antibacterial Activity of Some Iranian Plant Essential Oils as Disinfectant Agents on Surfaces Contaminated with Staphylococcus Aureus and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Different essential oils (EOs) with antibacterial activities are promising natural sources for providing novel disinfectant agents for hospital surfaces. Materials & Methods: The component and antibacterial effects of six EOs, including Cuminum cyminum (CCEO), Artemisia sieberi (ASEO), Laurus nobilis (LNEO), Ferula gummosa (FGEO), Lippia citriodora (LCEO), and Cymbopogon citratus (CIEO) were assessed by GC-MS and 96-well micro-plates (IC50), against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Then, the antibacterial effects of FGEO, the most effective EO, were evaluated on the trolley surface in a hospital for 1, 3, 5 and 10 min intervals. Results: While CCEO, ASEO, and FGEO have the highest effects on the growth of S. aureus, CIEO and LNEO showed the best outcomes on P. aeruginosa. In addition, our finding showed that FGEO relatively decreases the growth of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa on the trolley surface (P<0.05). Conclusion: The studied EOs could be novel encouraging agents to develop further green antimicrobial agents against different infections. In addition, FGEO, one of the best disinfectant agents in the present study, showed relatively strong antibacterial effects on the surface of the trolley.  },  
Keywords = {Essential oil, Antibacterial activity, Microdilution, Disinfectant},
volume = {14},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {128-139}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i2.15750},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3060-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3060-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Zakeri, Alireza and Montaseri, Maryam and Shekarforoush, Seyed Shahram},  
title = {Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Brucellosis in Abattoir Workers in Fars Province, Iran}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Brucellosis remains an important occupational zoonotic disease, especially in developing countries. The disease is endemic in Iran and the Fars province. One of the main routes of brucellosis infection is at slaughterhouses, where the workers directly contact infected animals. This study was designed to estimate the seroprevalence of brucellosis among slaughterhouse workers in the Fars province, Iran. Materials & Methods: Ninety blood samples were collected from workers of two livestock slaughterhouses (Marvdasht and Kazeroon), in Fars, Iran. The sera were assessed for the Rose Bengal test (RBT), as a screening test for brucellosis, and the positive samples were subjected to the Wright test. The positive Wright samples were finally tested for the 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) agglutination test. Results: Brucellosis prevalence was 13.33% using RBT. 4.44% of the workers showed active brucellosis. No significant relationship was found between the questionnaire variables and brucellosis tests; exceptionally, there was a relationship between the workers' statements regarding having had brucellosis and RBT (P=0.01). Conclusions: Our study highlights the practical application of serological tests, including RBT, Wright, and 2-ME as a simple strategy to monitor brucellosis and to diagnose and treat its active form in endemic regions. Although a small frequency of the disease was found, it could cause significant health and economic damage to humans and animals in endemic areas. Furthermore, taking enough protective measures is highly recommended for slaughterhouse workers to prevent human brucellosis.},  
Keywords = {Brucellosis, Seroprevalence, Abattoirs, Iran},
volume = {14},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {140-147}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i2.15751},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3027-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3027-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Taheri, Abolfazl and Adibi, payman and Saeedizadeh, Marziye and SabbaghJafari, Mojtaba and Rahimi, Alireza and Abbasi, Alirez},  
title = {Quality of Case Reports and Adherence to the CARE (Case Report) Guidelines: Protocol for a Scoping Review}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: The use of reporting guidelines aims to enhance the completeness and transparency of biomedical publications. The CARE guideline was developed in 2013 to assist researchers in improving the reporting of their case reports. In this study, drawing on evidence from studies that have evaluated the reporting quality of case reports based on the CARE guideline, we aim to conduct a scoping review focusing on the state-of-the-art adherence to the CARE guidelines in case reports and identifying factors associated with adherence to this guideline. Materials & Methods: The protocol for this scoping review follows the Arksey and O’Malley framework. We searched for meta-research studies indexed in four databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus) from 2013 to 2023, for studies primarily aimed at evaluating the reporting quality of case reports based on the CARE guidelines. Study selection was performed in duplicate. This study report followed the PRISMA-ScR. Results: Our database searches retrieved 35 studies, of which 14 were included for full-text analysis. The publication rate has increased sharply in recent years; seven articles (50%) were published in 2020 and 2021. Further analysis is in progress and scheduled for completion by July 2024. Conclusions: By conducting this scoping review, we attempted to gain a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the quality of case reports based on the CARE guideline, identify gaps, and provide recommendations for the more efficient and meaningful use of the CARE reporting guideline in the future.},  
Keywords = {Guideline as Topic, Scoping review, Adherence, Case reports, CARE},
volume = {14},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {148-154}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i2.15754},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3044-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3044-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {khoubfekr, Hekmatollah and Abdollahi, Motahareh and Amiri, Hamed and Amiri, Sadegh and Babazadeh, Saleh and Rahmanian, Vahid and Jokar, Mohamm},  
title = {Risk Factors for COVID-19-Related Mortality among Hospitalized Patients in Southeastern Iran: A Case-Control Study}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a devastating global impact, with millions of cases and varying severity of illness. Southeastern Iran has been particularly hard hit, with a high number of patients requiring hospitalization. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with mortality from COVID-19 among hospitalized patients in this region. Materials & Methods: A case-control study compared hospitalized COVID-19 patients who succumbed to the disease (confirmed by death certificates and positive PCR tests) with those who recovered, from February 27, 2020, to June 30, 2021. Researchers analyzed data using t-tests and chi-square tests to identify significant factors associated with mortality (p < 0.05). Variables significant at a less stringent level (p < 0.2) were then included in a backward logistic regression model to explore independent predictors of mortality. Results: This retrospective study examined data from 473 patients, of whom 158 were in the case group and 315 were in the control group. Among the case group, 80.4% were elderly, compared to 41% in the control group. A significantly higher proportion of patients in the case group (12.7%) experienced critical symptoms leading to ICU hospitalization, compared to the control group (7.3%). Multivariable regression analysis identified several factors significantly associated with increased mortality risk. These included ICU hospitalization (OR=5.27, CI: 3.09-8.98), advanced age (OR=4.06, CI: 2.43-6.80), hypertension (OR=4.44, CI: 1.52-12.93), cardiovascular diseases (OR=2.56, CI: 1.1-5.98), and critical symptoms (OR=2.74, CI: 1.92-8.04).  Diabetes, pregnancy, nationality, and gender did not statistically increase mortality risk (p-value ≥ 0.05). Conclusion: Advanced age, severe symptoms requiring ICU care, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases are all critical mortality risk factors in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.},  
Keywords = {COVID-19, Mortality, Hospitalized patients, Risk factors, Iran},
volume = {14},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {155-166}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i2.15752},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3056-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3056-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Tavakolizadeh, Mitra and Akbari, Ali and BakhtiariShahri, Akram and SabetiBilondi, Sina and Alikhani, Vi},  
title = {The Impact of Saffron Crocin on Clinical and Psychological Complications of Opioid Substance Withdrawal Syndrome: A Systematic Review of in vivo and Clinical Trial Studies}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Drug addiction constitutes a global issue associated with severe personal, economic, social, and health problems. Saffron, an herbal medicine, has demonstrated potential therapeutic applications for mental and physical symptoms. This review assesses the efficacy of saffron crocin in managing the clinical and psychological complications of opioid substance withdrawal syndrome(OWS). Materials & Methods: The research methodology entailed a comprehensive literature review spanning from 2010 to 2023, utilizing databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. The search focused on the impact of saffron crocin on clinical and psychological complications of opioid substance withdrawal syndrome. Human randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and animal studies published in English were included for data synthesis. Subsequently, information was collated based on the following parameters: study author, number of studies, dosage, control group, duration, outcome criteria, and primary outcomes. Results: Eight articles were analyzed, demonstrating the efficacy of saffron and crocin in treating opioid withdrawal syndrome (OWS) by ameliorating withdrawal symptoms and improving laboratory indicators. Conclusion: While several RCTs support the effectiveness of saffron crocin in alleviating opioid withdrawal symptoms, further rigorous studies are warranted to corroborate these findings.  },  
Keywords = {Crocin, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Complications, Psychological Phenomena, Systematic Review},
volume = {14},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {167-176}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i3.16354},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3067-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3067-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Moradi, Hamid and Safari, Mojdeh and Ranjbar, Razieh and Zayed, Karrar S. and Osanloo, Mahmou},  
title = {Myrtle Essential Oil-Loaded Alginate Nanoparticles: A Dual Therapeutic Approach for Cytotoxicity Against Skin Cancer Cells and Antibacterial Effects on Common Pathogens}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: The skin, being the body's largest organ, is not only susceptible to one of the most prevalent forms of cancer but also vulnerable to a myriad of pathogens, including bacteria. Myrtle essential oil (EO) has been shown to possess both anticancer and antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of alginate nanoparticles containing myrtle EO on melanoma (A375) and epidermoid carcinoma (A431) cell lines, as well as on some common bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Materials & Methods: Initially, myrtle EO was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Subsequently, alginate nanoparticles were prepared via the ionic-gelation method and characterized by dynamic light scattering, Zeta potential, and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Encapsulation efficacy was then determined using UV-Vis spectrometry. Both cytotoxicity assessment (MTT assay) and evaluation of antibacterial effects (microdilution assays) were conducted using the 96-well plate format. Results: The major compounds identified in myrtle EO were α-pinene, 1,8-cineole, linalool, linalool acetate, and geranyl acetate. The alginate nanoparticles exhibited a size of 160 ± 9 nm, a SPAN of 0.96, and a Zeta potential of -26 ± 2 mV. The encapsulation efficacy was determined to be 78.4%. It was found that the nanoparticles demonstrated cytotoxicity against A375 and A431 cells with IC50 values of 211 µg/mL and 308 µg/mL, respectively. The most potent antibacterial effect was observed against S. aureus (IC50: 266 µg/mL). Conclusion: The alginate nanoparticles containing myrtle EO, which exhibited notable cytotoxicity against melanoma and epidermoid carcinoma cells as well as potent antibacterial effects, show promise for further investigation in vivo studies.  },  
Keywords = {Nanotechnology, Complementary Medicine, Cytotoxicity, Melanoma},
volume = {14},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {177-189}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i3.16355},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3076-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3076-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Sofi, Mohd Abass and S.Sunitha, S. Sunitha and Sofi, Mohmmad Ashaq and Mariadhas, Anish and Manickkam, Jayakumar and Parthiban, Ezhumalai and Maduraiveeran, Ramachandran and Ghasemian, Abdolmaji},  
title = {Larvicidal activity of Melissa officinalis and Rosmarinus officinalis extracts and its lethal impacts on detoxifying enzymes in larvae of Aedes aegypti L.}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Mosquito-borne diseases significantly impact global health, particularly in tropical regions. While synthetic insecticides are currently employed to control mosquito vectors, their detrimental effects on ecosystems and persistence necessitate alternative control methods. Botanicals, owing to their diverse phytocompounds, offer potential for controlling and preventing vector-borne diseases by targeting insect eggs and larvae. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of Melissa officinalis and Rosmarinus officinalis extracts (methanolic and aqueous) against Aedes aegypti larvae, a vector of arboviruses. Materials & Methods: Total protein content in control and plant extract-exposed larval homogenates was estimated using bovine serum albumin as a standard. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and carboxylesterase assays were performed to determine larvicidal effects. Larval mortality was assessed after 24 hours of exposure. Results: Our findings revealed that the methanolic leaf extract of M. officinalis exhibited superior larvicidal activity (100% at 1000 ppm) compared to the methanolic R. officinalis extract (84±2.45% at 1000 ppm). In contrast, the aqueous extracts of both plant species inferred no larvicidal activity. The LC50 and LC90 values for M. officinalis methanolic extract were 378.7 ppm and 795.8 ppm, respectively, whereas those for R. officinalis were 648.9 ppm and 1152.9 ppm, respectively. Furthermore, biochemical assays measuring total protein, acetylcholinesterase, α-carboxylesterase, and β-carboxylesterase activities were conducted for M. officinalis, corroborating and substantiating its larvicidal properties. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the methanolic leaf extract of M. officinalis possesses significant larvicidal efficacy against A. aegypti. These findings suggest that this plant or its phytocompounds could serve as a bioinsecticide, offering a potential alternative to environmentally toxic and non-biodegradable synthetic insecticides.  },  
Keywords = {Aedes aegypti, Medicinal plants, Bioinsecticide, Acetylcholinesterase, carboxylesterase, Marker enzymes},
volume = {14},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {190-199}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i3.16356},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3080-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3080-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Ghaforyan, Hossei},  
title = {Ultra-sensitive Two-dimensional Photonic Crystal Biosensor for Oral Cancerous Cell Detection}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Over the past two decades, biophotonic sensors based on two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PhCs) have garnered significant attention in cancer diagnosis. This technology has become a crucial tool in early cancer detection and treatment response monitoring due to its ability to detect minute changes in biomarker concentrations and molecular interactions. The development of these sensors through advanced nano and microfabrication techniques has significantly improved diagnostic accuracy and speed, promising substantial enhancements in therapeutic outcomes for cancer patients. Materials & Methods: A biosensor based on a 2D PhC was designed and simulated for the detection of oral cancer cells in a sample. The biosensor, structured with silicon rods in air using the Finite-Difference Time-Domain tool, utilizes five rods as an analyte for detecting normal and cancerous cells, thereby evaluating the sensor's performance. Results: The variation in the transmission spectrum was studied to detect the presence of malignant cells in the test sample. The sensor's structural parameters were carefully adjusted to enhance its sensitivity, a crucial factor in the accurate detection of cancerous cells. Two critical parameters, Q-factor and sensitivity, were derived from the results. The sensor achieved a sensitivity of 1148 nm/RIU with a Q-factor of 193. Conclusions: The designed biosensor demonstrates superior accuracy and sensitivity in identifying both malignant and normal cells in the test sample, making it suitable for real-time deployment in point-of-care applications.},  
Keywords = {Photonic crystals, Cancers, Biosensors, Diagnosis},
volume = {14},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {200-209}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i3.16357},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3073-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3073-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Ghabool, Yasin and Reghbati, Mahshid and MahdaviShahri, Nasser and Tavassoli, Ami},  
title = {Biocompatibility Analysis of Mouse Spleen-Derived Extracellular Matrix}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: This study aimed to construct a decellularized mouse spleen scaffold and evaluate its cellular compatibility in vitro using murine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). Materials & Methods: A combination of physical, chemical, and enzymatic treatments was employed for mouse spleen decellularization. These included multiple freeze-thaw cycles, the ionic detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and enzymatic trypsin. Histological and scanning electron microscopy analyses were conducted up to 7 days post-culture to assess the impact of decellularization and cellular adaptation to the spleen scaffolds. Results: Histological studies revealed the attachment and penetration of BM-MSCs into the scaffolds on days 5-7 following cell seeding. Furthermore, cell migration into the scaffold was observed 5 days after the seeding process. Conclusion: The decellularization approach utilized in this study proved to be effective and biocompatible, supporting the preservation and proliferation of BM-MSCs. These findings indicate its potential for spleen tissue engineering applications.  },  
Keywords = {Decellularization, Scaffold, Spleen tissue, Extracellular matrix, Mesenchymal stem cells, Tissue engineering},
volume = {14},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {210-221}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i3.16358},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3069-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3069-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Olyaei, Abolfazl and Shalbafan, Monir and Rahimi, Fatemeh and Sadeghpour, Mahdieh},  
title = {Inhibitory Potential of Benzo[a]phenazin-5-ol Derivatives Against C-Kit Kinase: Molecular Docking and Prediction of ADME/Drug-Likeness Properties}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: C-Kit, a receptor tyrosine kinase involved in intracellular signaling, has a mutated form that significantly contributes to the development of certain cancers. This study aimed to evaluate a series of benzo[a]phenazin-5-ol-tethered tri-substituted methane derivatives as potential pharmacophores for inhibiting C-Kit kinase. Materials & Methods: Benzo[a]phenazine-5-ol derivatives were sketched and converted into Mol2 files using Marvin software. Their three dimensional (3D) structures were generated and saved in PDB format. Molecular docking studies with the C-Kit kinase (PDB code 1t46) were performed using AutoDock 4.2. Additionally, the derivatives' physicochemical properties, ADME characteristics, and drug-likeness parameters were assessed with the SwissADME online tool. Results: Molecular docking studies of benzo[a]phenazin-5-ol derivatives (A-L) against C-kit kinase revealed that compounds A and C exhibited greater selectivity and stronger inhibitory effects than the reference drug, Sunitinib. Ligplot analysis demonstrated that compound A formed four hydrogen bonds with Arg791(A), Ile789(A), and His790(A), while compound C formed two hydrogen bonds with Ile571(A) and Ile789(A). ADME analysis indicated that all compounds, except C, D, and I, are potential P-gp substrates. Drug-likeness analysis showed one or two violations of Lipinski's rule of five. Conclusion: In summary, molecular docking studies identified compounds A and C as promising lead candidates for inhibiting C-kit kinase, demonstrating superior binding to the active site compared to Sunitinib. ADME and drug-likeness analysis revealed that compound A is a potential P-gp substrate with one violation of Lipinski's rule of five, making it the closest pharmacological match to Sunitinib and a strong candidate for further investigation.},  
Keywords = {benzo[a]phenazin-5-ol, molecular docking, C-Kit kinase, Auto Dock 4.2, drug-likeness},
volume = {14},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {222-231}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i3.16359},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3083-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3083-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Raeeszadeh, Mahdieh and Afshari, Afsoon and Kazemiafshar, Samaneh and Kazemiafshar, Hajar and Amiri, Ali Akbar},  
title = {Cytotoxicity of Ethanolic and Methanolic Extracts of Medicago sativa L. (Alfalfa) on K562 Myeloid Cancer Cell Lines}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: For centuries, the alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plant has been recognized for its versatile and active role in treating various diseases. Not only has it been utilized as a therapeutic agent, but it has also been served as a dietary component for both animals and humans. Given the distinctive attributes of this plant in ethnopharmacology, this study aimed to investigate the effects of ethanolic and methanolic extracts of M. sativa L. on the K562 myeloid cell line under in vitro conditions. Materials & Methods: The phytochemical composition of M. sativa L. was determined through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay, wherein K562 cells were subjected to varying concentrations (50–100 μg/mL) of methanolic and ethanolic extracts over 24, 48, and 72-hour intervals to determine the IC50. Subsequently, the most promising IC50 result was employed in flow cytometry (Flow Jo Software) analysis. Results: Active constituents identified included phytol, phenol, linolenic acid, and glycine. Statistical analysis revealed a time-dependent but not dose-dependent effect. It was noteworthy that the IC50 for the methanolic extract after 72 hours was 9.45 µg/mL, whereas it was 19.3 µg/mL for the ethanolic extract. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that the methanolic extract caused 49.16% and the ethanolic extract caused 15.42% of cell death. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that the ethanolic extract of alfalfa is more effective than the methanolic extract on the K562 cell line. Therefore, M. sativa L. potential application in myeloid cancer therapy can be investigated in more details.},  
Keywords = {Medicago sativa L. Chemical compound, Cancer cell line, K562, Herbal medicine},
volume = {14},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {232-243}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i3.16360},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3095-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3095-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {MalekiAghdam, Mahdi and Ebrahimpour, Negin and Ghazizadeh, Farid and Ghelichkhan, Zahr},  
title = {Acute Elevation of Liver Enzymes Following Anti-thymocyte Globulin Treatment in a Patient with Aplastic Anemia: A Case Report}, 
abstract ={is primarily managed through immunosuppression. Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG), a polyclonal antibody derived from equine or lapine sources, is one such immunosuppressive treatment. While common side effects of ATG include allergic reactions, thrombocytopenia, headache, and myalgia, more severe but less frequent adverse effects encompass dyspnea and chest pain. The incidence and severity of liver function test abnormalities associated with ATG administration remain subjects of ongoing debate; however, most cases present with mild and transient enzyme elevations. Case: We present the case of a 13-year-old male child diagnosed with aplastic anemia (AA) who was admitted to the hematology clinic for ATG treatment. Three days after the initiation of ATG therapy, following the third dose, the patient developed severe hepatotoxicity. The patient experienced symptoms including chest pain, icterus, myalgia, and abdominal tenderness. Laboratory investigations revealed a significant elevation in liver enzymes and serum bilirubin levels. Upon discontinuation of ATG, the symptoms resolved within six days, accompanied by a marked reduction in liver enzymes and bilirubin levels. Subsequently, the patient received the fourth dose of ATG without adverse reactions. Conclusion: Our patient developed frank symptomatic hepatitis, manifesting as icterus and right upper quadrant pain. Given the existing literature, this presentation does not appear to be common and warrants increased vigilance.},  
Keywords = {Aplastic anemia, Liver dysfunction, Anti-thymocyte globulin},
volume = {14},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {244-249}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i3.16353},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3058-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3058-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Mahmoudzadeh, Leila and AbtahiFroushani, Seyyed Meysam and Falsafi, Monireh},  
title = {An Overview of Adjuvants and Their Interaction with the Immune System}, 
abstract ={Vaccines have been under development for over two centuries and have significantly contributed to the decline in infectious diseases and mortality rates by eliciting targeted immune responses against pathogens. Adjuvants, while typically non-immunogenic, play a vital role in modulating immune responses when combined with vaccines, reducing the necessary vaccine dosage and enhancing immune memory. Generally, vaccines are formulated with appropriate adjuvants to strengthen the immune response to the vaccine antigen and to assess their potential in preventing disease spread. Additionally, adjuvants are crucial in steering both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to foster pathogen-specific immunity. There is an increasing emphasis on utilizing advanced technologies to develop novel vaccines aimed at problematic pathogens, particularly those that show limited efficacy with conventional vaccines and outdated production techniques. An ideal adjuvant should exhibit minimal to no adverse effects and ensure safety for both short-term and long-term applications. This article provides a concise overview of adjuvants, examining their significance in autoimmune diseases, especially concerning disease progression and related challenges. Acknowledging the growing skepticism surrounding vaccines in recent years is important, with some research supporting this perspective. Furthermore, we explore the function of adjuvants in cancer vaccines, categorized as therapeutic rather than preventive, noting the substantial advancements achieved in this area.},  
Keywords = {Adjuvants, Vaccines, Infectious disease, Cancer vaccine, Therapeutic vaccine},
volume = {14},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {248-262}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i4.16686},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3085-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3085-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Hamidizadeh, Saeed and Zarei, Ali and Parviniannasab, Ali Mohammad and AhmadiMarzaleh, Milad and Rahimi, Ebrahim and Bijani, Mostaf},  
title = {Challenges Affecting Quality Services Delivery from the Perspective of Pre-Hospital Emergency Personnel: A Qualitative Content Analysis}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: The pre-hospital emergency medical service (EMS), serving as the first line of care and treatment for patients and injured individuals, holds paramount importance in the healthcare system. Identifying the challenges and problems facing this system is crucial for its improvement. This study aimed to elucidate the challenges affecting the delivery of quality services from the perspective of pre-hospital EMS personnel in southern Iran. Materials & Methods: This qualitative descriptive study investigated the views of pre-hospital EMS personnel (N=23) selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected via semi-structured in-depth interviews and analyzed using conventional content analysis methods as described by Graneheim and Lundman. Results: The analysis revealed three main themes: organizational challenges (encompassing lack of human resources, equipment shortages, and structural-administrative issues), human resources challenges (including individual characteristics of personnel and staff dissatisfaction), and cultural-social challenges (comprising cultural barriers and environmental-social obstacles). These themes were further divided into seven subthemes. Conclusion: Organizational, human resources, and socio-cultural challenges emerged as the most significant factors affecting the delivery of quality services in Iran's pre-hospital EMS system. Policy-makers and administrators can leverage these findings to develop strategies aimed at addressing the challenges impacting the delivery of quality pre-hospital emergency services.  },  
Keywords = {Emergency Medical Services, Emergency Medical Services Personnel Challenges, Qualitative Research},
volume = {14},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {263-273}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i4.16687},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3096-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3096-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {HatemHameedi, Zahraa and Kesmati, Mahnaz and HammadiMuttlaqAlawadi, Haitham Mohammed and Shafiei, Mohamm},  
title = {Evaluation of Age, Education, Trace Elements and Vitamins in Men with Toxoplasma Gondii in Maysan, Iraq}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by the intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). The parasite's presence within cells affects various cellular activities and mechanisms. While evidence suggests that certain vitamins and trace elements can alleviate the disease and its complications, the impact of toxoplasmosis on these factors remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between age, education, trace elements and vitamins and toxoplasmosis in men with toxoplasmosis from Maysan city, Iraq. Materials & Methods: This study involved 200 participants, comprising 150 men infected with toxoplasmosis and 50 healthy men as a control group. Various measurements were conducted, including serum levels of trace elements (Mg, Zn, Fe) and vital vitamins (C, D, E) in both the toxoplasmosis-infected and healthy groups. Results: The findings revealed that toxoplasmosis prevalence was highest among men aged 31-40 years with low educational attainment (up to diploma level). Furthermore, toxoplasmosis was associated with significant decrease in mean serum levels of trace elements (Mg, Zn, Fe) and vitamins (C, D, and E) (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that higher education levels may reduce the incidence of toxoplasmosis. Additionally, the complications caused by T. gondii may be related to the reduction in the aforementioned trace elements and vitamins. Evaluation of these factors could prove beneficial in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.},  
Keywords = {Life stage, Academic Background, Toxoplasma gondii, Microneurients, Vitamines},
volume = {14},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {274-281}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i4.16688},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3091-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3091-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Arab, Mohammad Hossein and Keykhosaravani, Moloud and Baghooli, Hossein and Ostovan, Vahid Rez},  
title = {A Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of Mindfulness Therapy, Cognitive Rehabilitation Exercises, and Pharmacotherapy in Reducing Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson’s Patients}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: This study aimed to examine the comparative effectiveness of mindfulness therapy, cognitive rehabilitation exercises, and drug therapy in addressing non-motor symptoms among patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Materials & Methods: This applied research, employing an experimental design, utilized a single-factor model with two levels and three groups analyzed through a mixed-method approach. The study population included Parkinson's patients in Shiraz, and the sample was selected purposively based on Cohen's (1986) experimental research sample size table, comprising 18 participants per group including mindfulness, pharmacotherapy (Escitalopram) as control and cognitive rehabilitation, totaling 54 participants. Instruments used for the assessment and diagnosis of disorders, as conducted by a clinical specialist, included the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS), SCID-5-CV, MMSE (to screen for dementia), and the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale for Parkinson's Patients (NMSS). Results: The findings confirmed the effectiveness of mindfulness therapy and cognitive rehabilitation in mitigating non-motor symptoms, including cardiovascular issues, sleep disturbances, fatigue, mood and cognitive impairments, perceptual problems and hallucinations, attention and memory deficits, and dysfunctions in the digestive, urinary, and sexual systems, along with other miscellaneous conditions (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on the findings, it is recommended that Parkinson's care centers implement mindfulness therapy and cognitive rehabilitation exercises to enhance the aforementioned components, thereby contributing to the overall well-being of PD patients.  },  
Keywords = {Mindfulness, Cognitive rehabilitation, Parkinson, Elderly, Non-Motor symptoms},
volume = {14},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {282-294}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i4.16690},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3098-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3098-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Sharyat, Elnaz and Rashidi, Ladan and Harzandi, Naser},  
title = {The Effect of Probiotic Bacteria on the Reduction of 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-Diol (3-MCPD) in Powdered Infant Formula}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) is a chemical contaminant found in many food products, including infant formulas. Given the vital contribution of milk and its products to the human diet, particularly for children, the presence of 3-MCPD in dairy products poses a significant public health concern. Therefore, it is crucial to explore natural compounds for 3-MCPD removal. This study investigates the effect of probiotic microorganisms (Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus murinus, and Yarrowia lipolytica) on reducing 3-MCPD levels in infant formula containing various 3-MCPD concentrations. Materials & Methods: L. plantarum, L. murinus bacteria, and Y. lipolytica yeast were prepared as active cultures. Subsequently, various 3-MCPD concentrations were added to the infant formula, and the effect of the bacteria and the yeast on 3-MCPD reduction was investigated using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). Results: L. plantarum, L. murinus, and Y. lipolytica demonstrated the ability to reduce 3-MCPD levels in the infant formula at different concentrations and contact times. L. plantarum and Y. lipolytica were found to be more effective in reducing 3-MCPD in the infant formula compared to L. murinus. Conclusion: The results indicate that probiotic bacteria can effectively mitigate the toxic effect of 3-MCPD. These findings have potential applications in the food industry, particularly in dairy products.},  
Keywords = {Infant formulas, 3-monochloropropane-1, 2-diol, Probiotics, Gas chromatography},
volume = {14},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {295-300}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i4.16689},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3086-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3086-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Shalbafan, Monir and Sadeghpour, Mahdieh and Olyaei, Abolfazl},  
title = {Glide Docking for Prediction of Potential Inhibitors of ATP7B Protein in Wilson Disease}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Wilson’s disease is a genetic disorder marked by the pathological accumulation of copper in the liver and brain due to malfunctioning of the ATP7B protein. This study employed virtual screening and glide docking techniques to explore potential therapeutic agents targeting ATP7B using natural compounds from the ZINC15 database. Materials & Methods: A virtual screening protocol was implemented to rapidly identify promising drug candidates with inhibitory activity against ATP7B. The glide docking program (Schrödinger Maestro 2018-1) was used to screen natural compounds, followed by ADME analysis to assess drug-likeness and pharmacokinetic properties. Results: Three lead compounds—Tobramycin, Streptomycin, and Metyrosine—were identified with the most negative G-scores and docking scores among screened compounds, signifying strong binding affinities for ATP7B. Tobramycin showed superior performance with a glide score of -6.426, accompanied by favorable ADME properties and high similarity to the reference ligand, oxaliplatin. Conclusion: Tobramycin was identified as a promising candidate for therapeutic intervention in Wilson’s disease, exhibiting robust binding affinity to ATP7B and drug-like characteristics. Future experimental studies are necessary to validate its clinical potential and safety.},  
Keywords = {Glide docking, Wilson disease, ATP7B, Drug design, Copper-transporting},
volume = {14},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {301-309}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i4.16693},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3092-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3092-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Ghanbariasad, Ali and Ghasemian, Abdolmajid and Mansoori, Yaser and Montaseri, Zahra and Alinejad, Navid and Doustan, Mohammad and Hayati, Rami},  
title = {Detection of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Virus on the Surface of Hospital Settings by Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a profound impact on human health, with over 704,753,890 confirmed cases and 7,010,681 deaths reported to date. This study aimed to evaluate the contamination rate of COVID-19 on high-risk surfaces at Valiasr Hospital in Fasa, Iran, using molecular testing. Materials & Methods: A total of 142 surface swabs, immersed in viral transport medium (VTM), were collected and transported to the Virology Reference Laboratory at the Cohort Center of Fasa University of Medical Sciences for COVID-19 virus testing. The presence of the virus was assessed using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) technique (QIAquant 96 5plex), following the manufacturer’s protocol (Qiagen, MD, USA). Results: Among the 142 samples obtained from surfaces and equipment in the COVID-19 ward, two samples tested positive for COVID-19. Similarly, two samples from the coronavirus isolation ward were found to be positive using RT-qPCR. The positive samples were collected from a patient’s bed and the interior bed of an insulated room. No COVID-19 contamination was detected on hospital surface samples outside these areas. Conclusion: This study identified a low rate of COVID-19 contamination on hospital surfaces and equipment in Fasa city. The findings suggest that the hospital environment could serve as a potential source of COVID-19 transmission, particularly among healthcare providers, visitors, and patients.},  
Keywords = {Coronavirus Disease 2019, Molecular diagnosis, Contamination, Hospital environment},
volume = {14},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {310-318}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i4.16691},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3089-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3089-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Loghmani, Alireza and Kamalpour, Mohammad and Amrollahi-Sharifabadi, A Mohammad and Bahrami-Tapehbour, Mohamm},  
title = {Targeted Nanoparticle Therapy with Betaine-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles Reduces Inflammation and Makes Immunomodulation in Heatstroke in Mice}, 
abstract ={Background & Objectives: This study investigates the potential of betaine-conjugated gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as a treatment for inflammation caused by heatstroke. Heatstroke is characterized by elevated body temperature and severe inflammation, which can lead to organ dysfunction. Traditional treatments, such as cooling and supportive care, often fail to prevent long-term damage. GNPs serve as targeted carriers for delivering bioactive agents like betaine to inflamed tissues. The study used a murine model of heatstroke to assess the effects of GNPs, betaine, and their combination on inflammation markers and cellular stress. Materials & Methods: Mice were divided into groups receiving different treatments, and outcomes such as cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10), heat shock protein (HSP70) expression, and splenocyte proliferation were measured. Results: The results demonstrated that the combination of GNPs and betaine notably decreased the amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) while increasing the levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. The therapy also diminished HSP70 expression, which indicates lowered cellular stress in the GNP-betaine group. Additionally, treatment with GNP-betaine significantly promoted lymphocyte proliferation, indicating an enhancement in immune function under heatstroke conditions. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the promise of betaine-conjugated GNPs as an innovative therapeutic strategy for reducing inflammation and oxidative stress linked to heatstroke. The results illuminate the collaborative effects of nanotechnology and bioactive substances in addressing inflammatory pathways, presenting a hopeful avenue for managing heat-related inflammatory ailments.  },  
Keywords = {Heatstroke, Betaine, Gold Nanoparticle (GNP), Inflammation, Heat Shock Protein (HSP70)},
volume = {14},
Number = {4}, 
pages = {319-330}, 
publisher = {Fasa University of Medical Sciences},

doi = {10.18502/jabs.v14i4.16692},
url = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3114-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3114-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-1523}, 
year = {2024}  
}