en ژنتيك پزشكي Medical Genetics پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#1f497d">Background & Objective:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by demyelination and neuronal dysfunction. The study of the expression of cytokine genes seems to be an appropriate option for assessing their potential for the onset and development of the disease. Therefore, in the present study, changes in the expression of three interleukins (IL-36&alpha;, IL-37, and IL-38) in MS and their association with clinical factors were investigated. </span></span></span></span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#1f497d">Material & Methods:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">In this study, blood samples of 45 MS patients and 45 healthy controls were enrolled. Relative expression of genes was evaluated using the real-time PCR. Finally, the pattern of expression was analyzed by using statistical analyses. In the next step, the relationship between clinical characteristics and IL-36&alpha;, IL-37, and IL-38 expression was investigated.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#1f497d">Results:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">The results showed that</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"> IL-36&alpha; and IL-37</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">increased in MS patient (1.8 and 3.5 fold respectively, P<0.01).&nbsp; Moreover, a significant reduction in IL-38</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"> was observed in MS samples (0.21 fold, P<0.01).</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"> The </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">dysregulation in ILs expression was associated with clinical features.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#1f497d">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">As a result, the two studied IL-1 family members (IL-36&alpha; and IL-37) may contribute to the progression of MS, so that increase in their expression is associated with EDSS disability and duration of disease. Another member of IL-1 family, IL-38 has a protective effect on MS diseases, and its downregulation is related to severe disability. Further investigation can help to determine accurate functional role of 3 interleukins in MS development. </span></span></span></span></span></span></div> IL-36α, IL-37, IL-38, Multiple sclerosis, gene expression 185 195 http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3223-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Forouzan Ahmadi Khoei فروزان احمدی خوی fo.ahmadi@gmail.com 100319475328460027810 100319475328460027810 No Department of Genetic, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch, Shahrekord, Iran گروه ژنتیک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران Somayeh Reiisi سمیه رئیسی s.reiisi@yahoo.com 100319475328460027811 100319475328460027811 Yes Department of Genetic, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord , Iran گروه ژنتیک، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران Parisa Mohammadinejad پریسا محمدنژاد parisa.mohammadi@yahoo.com 100319475328460027812 100319475328460027812 No Department of Genetic, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch, Shahrekord, Iran گروه ژنتیک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران