en ميكروبیولوژی Microbiology پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span arial="" ms="" style="font-family:" unicode=""><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#2f5496">Background & Objective:</span></span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Recently, ciprofloxacin resistance in <i>Staphylococcus</i> <i>aureus</i> strains, due to efflux pumps, has become a significant challenge. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the frequency of <i>norA</i>, <i>norB,</i> and <i>norC</i> efflux pump genes and their roles in resistance to ciprofloxacin in clinical isolates of <i>S.</i> <i>aureus</i>.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span arial="" ms="" style="font-family:" unicode=""><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#2f5496">Materials & Methods:</span></span></b><b> </b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">A total of one hundred clinical blood samples were collected from patient in Qom hospitals and <i>S.</i> <i>aureus</i> isolates were identified by standard microbiological tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were determined by the disk diffusion method using CLSI guidelines. Subsequently, the presence of <i>norA</i>, <i>norB,</i> and norC efflux pump genes in ciprofloxacin isolates was detected using the PCR method. </span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span arial="" ms="" style="font-family:" unicode=""><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#2f5496">Results:</span></span></b><b> </b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Among one hundred clinical samples, 36 <i>S.</i> <i>aureus</i> isolates were recovered and the results of antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that twenty of them were resistant to ciprofloxacin. 15 isolates were resistant to norfloxacin and one isolate was resistant to ofloxacin. Moreover, the <i>norA</i>, <i>norB</i>, and <i>norC</i> genes were found in 58%, 30%, and 41% of ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates, respectively.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span arial="" ms="" style="font-family:" unicode=""><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#2f5496">Conclusion:</span></span></b><b> </b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Based on the results of this study, <i>norA</i>, <i>norB</i>, and <i>norC</i> efflux pumps may play a significant role in the development of resistance to ciprofloxacin in clinical isolates of <i>S. aureus</i>. Detecting these genes may prove useful in suggesting an effective treatment model for infections caused by <i>S. aureus</i>.</span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp;</div> Staphylococcus aureus, Blood infection, Bacterial drug-resistance, Efflux pump 81 87 http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2134-6&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Fateme Dalir فاطمه دلیر 100319475328460027655 100319475328460027655 No Department of Microbiology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran گروه میکروبیولوژی، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران Abbas Morovvati عباس مروتی Abbasmorovvati@gmail.com 100319475328460027656 100319475328460027656 No Department of Microbiology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran گروه میکروبیولوژی، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران Ali Javadi علی جوادی 100319475328460027657 100319475328460027657 No Department of Medical Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran گروه علوم پزشکی، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران Hamed Afkhami حامد افخمی 100319475328460027658 100319475328460027658 No Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran گروه میکروبیولوژی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران Mansoor Khaledi منصور خالدی 100319475328460027659 100319475328460027659 No Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran گروه میکروبیولوژی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران Javad Fathi جواد فتحی 100319475328460027660 100319475328460027660 No Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran گروه باکتری شناسی و ویروس شناسی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران Zeinab Mohsenipour زینب محسنی پور 100319475328460027661 100319475328460027661 No Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran گروه میکروبیولوژی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران Ashkan Dirbaziyan اشکان دیربازیان 100319475328460027662 100319475328460027662 No Department of Microbiology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran گروه میکروبیولوژی، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران Mohsen Zargar محسن زرگر 100319475328460027663 100319475328460027663 Yes Department of Microbiology, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran گروه میکروبیولوژی، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران