Showing 24 results for Nanoparticle
Saber Imani, Zahra Zagari, Saeid Rezaei-Zarchi, Ali Mohammad Zand, Mohammad Dorodiyan, Hosein Bariabarghoyi, Fatemeh Lotfi,
Volume 1, Issue 3 (12-2011)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The use of metal oxide nanoparticles can be effective to eliminate the bacterial infections, as an alternative to antibiotics. In this study, antibacterial properties of nonmaterials of CrO and CoFe2O4 are investigated against Staphylococcus aureus as a major and prevalent pathogenic bacterium to achieve sterile nano-containers.
Materials & Methods: Different concentrations of CrO and CoFe2O4 nanoparticles, (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1%) of each, were examined with respect to their optical density (OD) culture separately. Different percentages of each nanoparticles were also examined together for the best antibacterial combination. Kinetics of Bactericidal of nanoparticles were calculated in two-hour periods and were compared with the power of other common antibiotics. Ratios of MIC/MBC were calculated by Micro dilution method, to demonstrate the bactericidal power of nanoparticles.
Results: The best concentration of the nanoparticles with the highest effect of bactericidal was obtained in the presence of 1% concentration of CrO that the OD of S. aureus culture medium had reduced 4/6 times than the control group (p<0/001).Ratio of 70% CrO to 30% CoFe2O4 was the best of the Bacteriostatic properties that OD was reduced 3/3 times than the control group (p<0/05). Best kinetics of bactericidal with survival rate in the presence of 1% CrO and CoFe2O4 were obtained in 24 and 36 hours respectively. In critical concentration of 1% CrO and CoFe2O4 bactericidal power was about 67 and 56 % respectively. The MIC/MBC rate for CrO and CoFe2O4 was obtained 0/2 and 0/4 respectively.
Conclusion: The results showed that CrO nanoparticle compared with CoFe2O4 has a higher bactericidal power for S. aureus infection. Therefore, by completion of these experiments and the use of metal oxide nanoparticles complex in sensitive environments such as food storage containers, etc. are suggested.
Fatemeh Mirzaei, Mojtaba Salouti , Reza Shapouri , Hamed Alizadeh ,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (11-2014)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Common antibiotics may be useless against multiple pathogens
because of the multidrug resistance. Therefore, new ways of nanotechnology and
effective herbal combination can be the solution for this problem. The
objective of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial effect of Allicin,
silver nano particles and their combination against skin infection due to Pseudomonas
aeruginosa in animal model.
Materials & Methods:
In this experimental
study, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal
Concentration (MBC) of Allicin, silver nano particles, and their combination
were determined by macro dilution susceptibility test. Skin infection was
produced in the shoulder region of 12 mice using Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the
effect of ointment of Allicin, silver nano particles, and their combination
were evaluated.
Results: The results showed that MIC and MBC of Allicin
for pseudomonas aeruginosa were 2.38 and 4.77 mg/ml, respectively. MIC and MBC
of silver nano particle for Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 3.12 and 6.25 ppm,
respectively. MIC and MBC of combination of Allicin and silver nano particles
on Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 0.59 mg/ml and 1.5 ppm, 1.19 mg/ml and 3.12 ppm,
respectively. Anti-microbial effect of Allicin, silver nano particles and the
synergistic activity of their combination against skin infections due to
Pseudomonas aeruginosa was observed in animal model.
Conclusion: The results showed that Allicin in combination
with silver nano particles have synergistic effect against skin infection due
to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Sf Shaffiey, M Ahmadi, Sr Shaffiey, M Shapoori, H Varshoie, F Azari,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Background & Objective: CuO is one of the most important transition metal oxides due to its exclusive properties. It is used in various technological applications such as superconductors and gas sensors. Recently, it has been used as an antimicrobial agent against various bacterial species. In this study, we synthesized CuO nanoparticles and evaluated their antibacterial property.
Materials & Methods: Single crystalline nanoparticles of copper oxide having almost uniform particle size of 5-6 nm have been synthesized. The used technique is free from toxic solvents and amines, and it is based on a simple reaction of copper sulfate and De-ionized water (DI). In addition, their bactericidal effects against Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC 7966T bacteria were investigated. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were determined with well diffusion method and liquid culture for all of the Aeromonas hydrophila culture Medias.
Results: XRD(X Ray Diffraction) spectra confirmed the formation of single phase CuO nanoparticles. A minimum crystallite size of 5-6 nm was observed in the case of CuO nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy results corroborate well with XRD results. CuO nanoparticles exhibited inhibitory effects against Gram-negative bacteria.
Conclusion: The present study confirms that copper oxide nanoparticles have great ability as an antimicrobial agent against Aeromonas hydrophila.
Mirza Ali Mofazzal Jahromi, Hajar Rajayi, Sharafaldin Al-Musawi, Majid Pirestani, Mahdi Fasihi Ramandi, Kazem Ahmadi, Vahid Sharifzadeh Peivasti, Zuhair Mohammad Hassan, Mahdi Kamali, Reza Mirnejad,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Nanomedicine delivery systems are known as potent therapeutictools. In addition to possessing an effective agent of turmeric, Curcumin shows antibacterial properties as well. Curcumin is not water-soluble and it can be solved in water via nanotechnology-base methods. Chitosan is a natural and biodegradable substance that is utilized for the Production of Nanoparticles (NPs) carrying drug. In the following investigation, curcumin is loaded in chitosan NPs and ultimately, the resulting nano-drug is studied as an antibacterial agent.
<span style="line-height: 115% font-family: " b="" nazanin"="" font-size:="" 10pt="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" "times="" new="" roman"="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" roman""="" dir="rtl"> Materials & Methods: In this study, NPs are produced using chitosan and Tripolyphosphate (TPP) salt. Curcumin solution was loaded in chitosan NPs during their production. Next, the skins of BALB/c mice infected with staphylococcus aureus are treated by curcumin-loaded chitosan NPs for 3 days. Afterwards, in order to evaluate the antibacterial property of the nano-drug, these skin suspensions of mice are cultured in bacterial medium.
Results: Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) reveals the charge of + 7 ± 2 mV and the size of 160 ± 10 nm in curcumin-loaded chitosan NPs. Moreover, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) indicates a spiral shape. Therefore, the evaluation of the optical density by spectrophotometry demonstrates that 75 ± 2 % of curcumin are loaded in chitosan NPs. Bacterial culture shows that curcumin-loaded chitosan NPs significantly inhibited staphylococcus aureus growth.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that curcumin-loaded chitosan NPs can be applied as a potent agent in treatment of bacterial skin infections.
Bagher Seyedalipour, Masumeh Oshrieh, Ramezan Khanbabaee,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Zinc is an essential trace element which plays a key role in the growth and the development of the embryo during pregnancy. This study was designed to investigate the cytotoxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on embryonic development and to assess the weight of body, kidney, and liver in Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice.
Materials & Methods: 25 female of NMRI mice weighting 30±3.0 gram were randomly divided into five groups (five in each group, four experimental groups and one control group). Mice in experimental groups one, two, three, and four received intraperitoneal ZnO nanoparticle with the concentrations of 50,100,150, and 200 mg / kg, respectively during 15 days (every other day). At the end, the weight of the body, the kidney, and the liver of the pregnant mice and the embryos were measured. In addition, histopathological evaluations were performed on embryos. The data were analyzed by SAS software in P≤0.05.
Results: Based on the macroscopic observations, the embryo and the kidney weights decreased and increased, respectively with increasing different concentrations of nanoparticle compared with controls (P≤0.05). Our data showed that at different concentrations of nanoparticles, the distance, the size, and the number of vertebral bodies increased compared to the control group. At the concentration of 150 mg/kg, an accumulation of mesenchymal cells for cartilage were observed and it seems that high dose of nanoparticles prevents embryo growth.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that ZnO nanoparticles cause embryonic developmental delay, undifferentiated and disorganized vertebral bodies in NMRI mice.
Seyedeh Nasim Karimipour, Asghar Tanomand, Sadegh Rostamnia,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (8-2016)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Due to the high drug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii, in this research, antibacterial properties of nano silver was evaluated for Acinetobacter baumannii.
Materials & Methods: The nano silver with approximate diameter of 20 nanometer from Pishtazan Inc. Mashad, Iran and 5 nanometer from the Department of Chemistry in Maragheh University were prepared. Its concentration was determined by spectroscopy method in Tabriz Chemistry University. Antimicrobial effects were determined by Mean Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bacterial Concentration (MBC) by micro-broth-dilution method, disc diffusion and well diffusion methods. Anti-bacterial activity of nano-silver was tested for Acinetobacter baumannii NCTC12516 on 20 clinical strains (collected from Imam Reza Hospital in Tabriz).
Results: The results showed the MIC and MBC of 20nm nanoparticles were 1250 ppm and 2500 ppm, respectively. On the other hand, the MIC and MBC of 5 nm nanoparticles were 156 ppm and 312 ppm, respectively. According to these findings, the MIC and MBC identified for clinical Acinetobacter baumannii strains under study along with the NCTC12516 strain did not show a significant difference. Yet the amount of inhibition for the 20nm nanoparticles in the density of 20000 ppm of clinical Acinetobacter baumannii and NCTC12516 strains was 11 millimeter with the disc diffusion method and 9.5 millimeter for the well diffusion method with the same concentration. The amount of inhibition of 5nm nanoparticles in the 250-ppm concentration with both disc diffusion and well diffusion methods was 9.5 millimeter.
Conclusions: Acinetobacter baumannii is susceptible to nano-silver. Also the same MIC and MBC in multiple clinical strains suggests that there is not resistance to silver nanoparticles in Acinetobacter baumannii
Nader Habibi, Hamidreza Gheisari, Mahmood Aminlari, Fatemeh Sedaghati,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (11-2017)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Food can be contaminated with various fungi. The use of nanotechnology, especially metal oxides can reduce this contamination. The aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal effect of magnesium oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles against Aspergillus species that are important in food hygiene.
Materials & Methods: Magnesium oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles were synthesized chemically, then their morphology and size were investigated by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and zetasizer. MIC and MFC of these nanoparticles against Aspergillus species were examined individually and in combination with each other by micro dilution method in saboraud dextrose broth and saboraud dextrose agar media and FIC was calculated.
Results: The size of nanoparticles was between 10 to 60 nm. They had different forms and high purity. The mean MIC and MFC values of magnesium oxide nanoparticles for the species of A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger and A. parasiticus were 10.1 and 10.31 mg/ml, respectively. These values for copper oxide nanoparticles were 10.25 and 10.08, respectively. Most inhibitory and fungicidal effect of these nanoparticles was on A. niger and A. fumigatus respectively. Since FIC index was greater than 1, there was no interaction. The mean MIC value of the two nanoparticles combination was 9.49 mg/ml.
Conclusions: This study showed that each of magnesium oxide or copper oxide nanoparticles as anti-fungal substances could have inhibitory and fungicidal properties individually, but their combination do not have any interacting effect.
Manzarbanoo Shojaeifard, Samira Malekzadeh, Mehrdad Shariati, Akbar Vahdati,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (11-2017)
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a branch of the developing science which includes producing, manipulating and applying materials at smaller scales than a micron. Nanoparticles are used for many purposes in medicine and science, including cancer treatment, dental alloys, bladder catheters, drug delivery, and etc. One of the factors which is subjected to the toxicity of nanoparticles, is reproductive system and fertility, because these substances accumulate in the gonads and cause the incidence of some health problems such as inflammation of the epididymis, reduced sperm motility, sperm morphology defects and in general, infertility and defects in the reproductive system. Since fertility and its health is so important in the society, and its consequences affect the entire population, this study aimed at investigating the effects of gold and silver nanoparticles on the reproductive system.
The present review article was performed by using the research articles indexed in Pubmed, Google scholar, Science direct and SID. Also the results of the search were evaluated in a systematic manner. The results show that the effect of silver and gold nanoparticles on reproductive system could vary from ineffective to the negative effects, depending on the dose, exposure duration and the sample of study.
Kourosh Bamdad, Bagher Mohammadgani, Fereshteh Dadfar, Ali Moradi,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (12-2017)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Nowadays, the beneficial effects of nanomaterials are accepted in medicine and industry. Considering the increasing use of nanoparticles and their possible toxicity, the effect of nanoparticles on oxidative stress markers was investigated in this study.
Material & Methods: In this experimental- interventional study, 32 Balb mice were divided into 4 groups of 8. The control group received saline, and other three groups received gold, silver, and zinc oxide nanoparticles at a concentration of 100 PPM with IP injection during 28 days. After anesthesia, the tissues of liver, heart and lung were removed, and the activity level of oxidative stress markers was evaluated.
Results: MDA level was significantly increased in zinc oxide treatment group in all three tissues and in gold treatment group in liver tissue. This factor showed a significant decrease in silver nanoparticle treatment in these tissues. The activity of catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes in the treatment of silver nanoparticle showed a significant increase. While in the treatment group with zinc oxide and gold nanoparticles, the activity of these enzymes decreased, this decrease was significant only in zinc oxide nanoparticle.
Conclusion: It is concluded that the silver nanoparticle acts as a useful nanoparticle by decreasing MDA and oxidative stress and inducing antioxidant enzymes, while the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticle shows its toxicity.
Soodabeh Chekachak, Mahdieh Molanouri Shamsi, Sara Soudi,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (4-2018)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Cytokines are molecules that are related to immunologic responses. Considering the antioxidant and immunologic effects of selenium nanoparticles and aerobic exercise training, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of aerobic exercise training and supplementation with selenium nanoparticles on protein content of Interleukin-4, Interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor Alpha in spleen tissue in mice with breast cancer.
Material and Methods: 64 Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 8 groups including Control-Health, Control-Tumor, Training-Healthy, Training-Tumor, Selenium nanoparticles-Health, Selenium nanoparticles-Tumor, Selenium nanoparticles-Training-Health and Selenium nanoparticles–Training-Tumor. Animals in different groups passed 6 weeks aerobic interval training and supplementation with selenium nanoparticles before and after cancer induction. At the end of the sixth week, cytokines protein levels in spleen tissue were measured by ELISA method.
Results: Based on the current study results exercise training and selenium nanoparticles caused significant decrease in tumor volume (P<0.05). Also, results showed that cancer induced a significant decrease in cytokines levels in tumor tissue (P<0.05). But concurrent using selenium nanoparticles and aerobic interval training induced increase in tumor necrosis factor Alpha levels in spleen tissue (P<0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that aerobic exercise training and selenium nanoparticles supplementation could have an effective role in the activation of immune system and decreasing in tumor volume, with increasing in tumor necrosis factor Alpha as a T helper 1 cytokine.
Sahar Fadaei, Saeid Valipour Chahardahcharic, Hosein Sazgar,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (4-2018)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Postpartum depression appears to be a harmful condition affecting mothers and their babies negatively. Regarding their side effects, the tendency to use antidepressants has especially fallen in nursing mothers. Considering the effect of zinc on mood, this study was conducted to determine the efficacy of zinc oxide nanoparticles on postpartum depression in female mice.
Material & Methods: In this experimental study, the adult female mice of NMARI breed (25-30gr) were divided into six groups respectively (n=8): 1) Control 2) Depressed group 3, 4, 5) Depressed groups treated with a dose of zinc oxide nanoparticles including (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) 6) Depressed groups treated for 8 days with a dose of 5 mg/kg zinc oxide nanoparticles.
First, the studied animals were depressed by intraperitoneal injection of 5mg/kg progesterone for 5 days. The control group received no drug or solvent. The assessment of depression rate on the eighth day after the start of administration of progesterone was conducted by forced swim test.
Results: The zinc oxide nanoparticles at doses 10 mg/kg (P< 0.01) and 20 mg/kg (P< 0.05) and also at 5 mg/kg dose for 8 days (P< 0.01) led to a significant decrease in immobilization time in depressed mice.
Conclusion: Administration of progesterone induces depression, and thus, increases the period of immobilization of mice. The zinc oxide nanoparticles reduced the symptom of postpartum depression in forced swim test. The findings can be used to show the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles in the reduction of postpartum depression.
Pariya Maljaee, Hossein Zolfagharian, Mahdi Babaie, Naser Mohammadpour Dounighi,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (4-2018)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Currently selection and use of nanoparticle adjuvant is very important. Due to the lack of effective anti-snakebite serums to treat it and high cost of purchasing external anti-snakebite serums, preparation of suitable internal nanoparticles to produce hyper-immunization plasma has become very important. In order to minimize the disadvantages associated with traditionally used adjuvants in ovines and to produce potent antivenum, a comparison was made between various adjuvants for their immune-potentiation capacity and safety.
Material & methods: The present study was conducted in 15 sheep, divided into three groups and hyper-immunized using crude venom of cobra snake (Naja naja oxiana) along with three adjuvants, Montanide, aluminum phosphate and poly methyl methacrylate through subcutaneous route at intervals of a week. Periodic standard safety assessments were done.
Results: The neutralization activity (LD50) of pooled sera samples by 9th week, obtained with aluminum phosphate, Montanide and poly methyl methacrylate groups were 1.5, 2.2 and 2 LD50/ml respectively. The sheep of poly methyl methacrylate group showed minimum local reactions at injection site, while sheep from other two groups exhibited moderate reactions. However, these were transient and reabsorbed or healed subsequently.
Conclusion: Poly methyl methacrylate nanoparticle adjuvant could be a possible alternative to the emulsion adjuvants for primary phase of immunization in antivenomous preparation considering its acceptable immunopotentiation capacity and safety in donor animals.
Solmaz Abdollahi, Afshin Pourahmad, Leila Asadpour,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (7-2018)
Abstract
Background & Objective: The investigation of the antibacterial activity of nanomaterials has regained importance due to increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Inorganic antibacterial materials have several advantages over traditionally used organic agents; like chemical stability, thermal resistance, safety to the user, long lasting action period, etc. In this research, antibacterial properties of graphene - zinc oxide nanoparticles nanocomposite was evaluated for gram-positive (S. aureus) and gram-negative (E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria.
Material & Methods: The current study demonstrates homogenous decorating of zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) onto graphene oxide (GO) surface via simple chemical method.
Disk diffusion method and MIC were used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles on S. aureus, E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa compared to standard commercial antibiotic disks.
Results: XRD results revealed diffraction peaks for each of the two compounds in the nanocomposite. The XRD studies showed that the synthesized ZnO NPs have hexagonal wurtzite structure. It was found that GO addition induces a decrease in crystallite size. Average size of the ZnO NPs was estimated by transmission electron microscopy around 20 nm. ZnO nanoparticles showed bactericidal effects on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The improved antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles compared to its microparticles was related to the surface area enhancement in the nanoparticles.
Conclusions: The novel nanocomposite exhibits excellent antibacterial activity against gram-positive (S. aureus) and gram-negative (E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria.
Hossein Sadeghpour, Dr Elaheh Sabet, Ali Dehshahri,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (7-2019)
Abstract
Background & objective: nowadays, gene therapy has been considered as a novel therapeutic approach. Particularly, following the introduction of immunotherapy and gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9 platform great attention has been directed to gene therapy. However, finding an efficient carrier with low toxicity is still one of the major challenges for researchers. Among non-viral gene carriers, polyethyleneimine (PEI) could be considered as the most studied polycationic compound for gene delivery. However, toxicity, lack of targeting and non-specific interactions with serum components limit its wide application. Therefore, PEI structure must be modified through chemical conjugations. In this study, conjugation of hydrocortisone on the polymer structure was carried out in order to direct the carriers into the cell nucleus.
Materials & Methods: hydrocortisone was conjugated onto polyethylenimine followed by the grafting of the targeted PEI domain onto another unmodified polymer via succinic acid linker. The conjugate w::as char::acterized in terms of buffering capacity, zeta potential, particle size, protection of DNA against enzymes and condensation ability.
Results: The results demonstrated that the conjugates could condense plasmid DNA successfully and form nanoparticles with the size of around 300 nm. Meanwhile, the conjugates showed higher buffering capacity compared with the unmodified polymer. Also, the protection ability of the conjugates was significant rather than the parent polymer.
Conclusion: According to the results, design and synthesis of the PEI derivative with two separated domains responsible for targeting and plasmid condensation could be considered as an efficient strategy to create nano gene delivery systems.
Mahsa Behjati Moghaddam, Ali Neamati, Pouran Ardalan,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (11-2019)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Cancer is a kind of genetic disease caused by DNA mutation which makes disorder in normal pattern of division and differentiation of cells and eventually formation of a neoplasm. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and the second leading cause of death in women aged 35-55 years. Surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the common methods of controlling cancer, but the side effects and lack of positive results especially in metastatic tumors has led us discover new treatments. Nowadays, nanotechnology has helped us to find and develop new therapies. The purpose of this study was to characterize the antioxidant and apoptotic properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles biosynthesized by Amaranthus cruentus plant on breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231).
Materials & Methods: The Zinc oxide nanoparticles were green-synthesized by the extract of
Amaranthus cruentus leaves. Size and morphological characteristics of ZnO NPs determined by DLS tests, FESEM and TEM. To investigate the effect of ZnO nanoparticles on induction apoptosis, cancer cells were seeded in T25 flasks and treated with different concentrations of nanoparticles (15, 30 and 60 μg/ml). After 48 hours, gene expression changes of Bax and Bcl-2 was investigated by Real time PCR technique. SPSS software and one-way ANOVA test were used to analyze the data. At the end, comparison of means did by least significant differences (LSD) method.
Results: The DLS test showed the average size of the synthesized ZnO NPs is about 30 to 38 nm. The results of gene expression by Real time PCR technique showed that ZnO nanoparticles reduced anti-apoptosis gene expression Bcl-2 and increases pro-apoptotic gene expression in MDA cell line.
Conclusion: In general, the results obtained from this study can claim that ZnO nanoparticles have anti-cancer properties and can be introduced after further studies as candidates for cancer treatment in the field of medicine and pharmacy.
Azadeh Hekmat, Zahra Roshani,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (6-2020)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are increasingly used in nanomedicine and pharmacy due to their valuable properties. AgNPs are synthesized in various ways. The amount of drug binding to Human Serum Albumin (HSA) as the most abundant protein in the circulatory system would affect the drug’s therapeutic concentration and its availability for intracellular targets. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of coating in the synthesis of AgNPs on their ability to interact with HSA.
Materials & Methods: Fluorescence emission spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, and Zeta potential analysis were used to study the structural effects of HSA after interaction with AgNPs with ethylene glycol dispersion matrix. AgNPs contains sodium citrate stabilizer and uncoated AgNPs.
Results: The fluorescence quenching indicated that AgNPs with ethylene glycol dispersion matrix interacted with HSA with a higher binding constant value compared with two other AgNPs. The CD spectra indicated a reduction in α-helix content of HSA especially after the addition of AgNPs with ethylene glycol dispersion matrix (from 51.45% to 41.71%). The zeta potential analysis showed that the surface charge of HSA was reduced especially after the addition of AgNPs with ethylene glycol dispersion matrix (from -16.73 mV to -11.79 mV).
Conclusion: This study showed that AgNPs with ethylene glycol dispersion matrix interact with HSA more strongly compared with two other AgNPs. This study indicated that the type of coating of AgNPs affects the HSA interaction and consequently affects the nanoparticles transportation and distribution in the blood.
Ramin Jahangirfard,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Coenzyme Q10 has potent antioxidant properties and is involved in the redox cycle as an energy carrier. Silver nanoparticles increase the potential hazards on the reproductive system by producing reactive oxygen species and reduce sperm quality and fertility. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of silver nanoparticles on in vitro fertilizing potential and oxidative stress indices in mice.
Materials & Methods: In this study, 20 adult male mice were divided into 5 control and experimental groups. The control group did not receive any substances. In the experimental groups, silver nanoparticles were fed at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg. In one group, coenzyme Q10 was given at a dose of 200 mg/kg alone. In the last group, the animals received silver nanoparticles + coenzyme Q10 together. After the treatment period, the mice were euthanized. For testosterone investigation, blood sampling and then for IVF evaluation, sperms from the tail of the epididymis were taken. Testicular tissue was sampled to assess TAC, and MDA and were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and then Tukey test (p<0.05).
Results: IVF results showed that the quality of the fetus and its growth stages in the experimental groups were significantly diminished compared to the control group (p<0.05). Also, malondialdehyde level and total antioxidant capacity in experimental groups increased and decreased significantly compared to the control group, respectively.
Conclusions: The present results exhibited that coenzyme Q10 was able to improve the adverse effects of silver nanoparticles on the reproductive system, sperm quality, and fertility.
Merat Karimi, Ehsan Sadeghi, Mostafa Zahedifar,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background & Objective: By increasing resistance due to overuse of antibiotics, it seems necessary to find alternative materials that have both antibacterial properties close to antibiotics and have minimal side effects for humans. Abundant research has been done on the use of nanoparticles with antibacterial properties. The aim of this study is to investigate the antibacterial properties of gamma alumina quantum dots.
Materials & Methods: Gamma alumina quantum dots (Al2O3-g) were prepared by sol-gel method. Structural, physical and optical properties and of this nanoparticles were appraised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), visible-ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Biological activity of gamma alumina nanoparticles against 11 types of bacteria was measured by MIC and MBC methods.
Results: Results show the size of the synthesized nanoparticles is less than ten nanometers. The power of minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) by gamma alumina quantum dots is related to its particle size, which interpenetrates and destroys the bacterial wall more easily. Gamma alumina quantum dots show good activity against bacterial growth.
Conclusion: The antibacterial activity of alumina quantum nanoparticles showed desirable effects for a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, fungi and yeasts at the lowest inhibitory concentrations. These nanoparticles can be a great alternative to antibiotics and making these nanoparticles is economical, cost-effective and is less time-consuming.
Farnaz Fattahi, Tahereh Zamani,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (5-2021)
Abstract
Nanoparticles are used mainly for the transmission of the therapeutic molecules (like drugs, proteins, or DNA) to the organ/tissue of human body. Polymeric nanoparticles are mostly applied for therapeutic effectiveness in cancer therapy. The micro environment of tumor tissues in vessels can assist nanoparticles in achieving their anticipated accumulation. Poly (lactic acid)(PLA) is a novel green polymer with natural sources (like sweet potato and sugar cane). PLA is a linear aliphatic which has great sustainability, renewability and compostability. PLA has popper mechanical, thermal and barrier properties. This biomaterial is thermoplastic polyester with biocompatibility, non-toxicity and biodegradability. Various forms of PLA nanoparticles are synthetized for biomedical applications like cancer treatments and wound healing process. This review article introduces the various structures of polylactic acid nanoparticles used to deliver anticancer drugs. Furthermore, the investigational approaches that are considered for using PLA nanoparticles in treatment of different types of cancers will be reported briefly.
Mohammad Reza Hajinezhad, Alireza Samzadeh Kermani,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (9-2021)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Selenium nanoparticles (Se -NPs) and selenium nanocomposites (Se -NCs) have different biological effects. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the effects of selenium nanoparticles and selenium nanocomposites (Se –NCs) on anxiety, food intake, and brain histology of rats.
Materials & Methods: Thirty-two male adult Wistar rats were randomly and equally divided into four groups. The control group received saline, the Selenium powder group received 1 mg/kg /day selenium powder orally for 21 days, and the selenium nanoparticle group received three weeks of oral gavage of Se –NPs. The selenium nanocomposites group received three weeks of oral gavage of nanocomposites. Finally, cumulative food consumption and anxiety-like behaviors were assessed, and, after that, rats were bled and sacrificed for further biochemical and histopathological investigations.
Results: Oral administration of Se powder at a dose of 1 mg/kg /day for 21 days had no significant effect on the brain superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities. There was also no significant change in the levels of brain glutathione concentration (GSH), brain MDA, and behavioral parameters. Selenium nanoparticles also showed no significant alterations in brain biochemical parameters, behavioral effects, and brain histology. The oral administration of Selenium nanocomposites significantly increased brain superoxide dismutase, catalase, and reduced glutathione content and had positive effects on behavioral parameters.
Conclusion: The present study showed that Se -NCs have behavioral effects and could induce significant biochemical changes in brain oxidative status.
