Showing 20 results for Sadat
Fahimeh Baghbani-Arani, Mercedeh Tajbakhsh, Atiyeh Hashemi Soltaniyeh, Bahareh Rajaei, Seyed Davar Siadat, Mohamahreza Aghasadeghi, Seyed Mehdi Sadat,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (5-2012)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Molecular typing is an important tool in surveillance and outbreak investigations of human Salmonella infections. In this study, Subtyping of Salmonella Paratyphi B and C isolates derived from Iranian patients was carried out by RAPD-PCR to assess the extent of genetic diversity of these isolates.
Materials & Methods: Fourteen Salmonella isolates including 6 strains of Salmonella paratyphi B and 8 strains of Salmonella paratyphi C were characterized using RAPD-PCR. Two arbitrary primers, namely OPP-16 and P1254 were used for RAPD analysis and the dendrograms were constructed with NTsys 2.0 computer software.
Results: Both primers showed high discriminatory power in differentiating of the related strains of Salmonella. The dendrograms constructed based on RAPD-PCR profiles (with both primers) involving 14 salmonella strains revealed 4 distinct patterns, indicating that these isolates are genetically heterogeneous. Furthermore, a good correlation was not observed between the serotype and the molecular profiles obtained from RAPD data of the Salmonella isolates.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study verify the usefulness of RAPD-PCR in characterizing and comparing strains of Salmonella Paratyphi B and C.
Efate Alsadat Shojaei, Mehraban Falahati, Faride Zaini, Parivash Kord Bache, Parvaneh Rahimi Moghadam , Mohammad Reza Aghamirian, Shima Nozari, Ayesheh Makhdoomi , Sekhavatv Ameri, Sanam Afshar Moghadam ,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (11-2014)
Abstract
Background&
Objective: Candidal vulvovaginitis
occurs in female genital by the over growth of candida especially candida
albicans. This infection may be resistant to therapy and occasionally becomes
chronic. In some patients, this form of infection is recurrent. Moreover,
discovering new antifungal drugs and the use of these drugs in new methods
encourage mycologists to use these techniques. Therefore, according to the
above methods, this research investigated effects of several common antifungal
drugs with the use of combination methods against candida species isolated from
chronic candidal vulvovaginitis.
Materials&
Methods: This study carried out
on 19 strains of candida albicans that were isolated from recurrent
vulvovaginitis. The effects of clotrimazole, miconazole, fluconazole were
assessed separately and in combination with amphotericin B on candida albicans
using micro dilution methods.
Results: The mean Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
of clotrimazole, miconazole, fluconazole, and amphotericin B were 7.05,
10.7,47, and 0.6 µgr/ml, respectively after 48 hours incubating. Then, the
azole antifungal drugs were evaluated in combination with amphotericin B. The
two combinations of fluconazole + amphotericin and miconazole + amphotericin
with the Fungicidal Inhibitory Concentrations (FIC) of 0.6 and 1, respectively,
attracted the most attentions. In addition, comparing the antifungal effects,
the most effective drug was amphotericin B with the Minimum Fungicidal
Concentration (MFC) of 1.18.
Conclusion: In this study, amphotericin B with the least
MIC had the best antifungal effect. The most and the least synergic effects of
combination therapy were for fluconazole + amphotericin B and Miconazole +
amphotericin B, respectively.
Mohsen Ahadnejad , Hosein Ghaderi , Mohammad Hadian , Payam Haghighatfard , Banafsheh Darvishi , Elham Haghighatfard , Bitasadat Zegordi , Arash Bordbar,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (12-2014)
Abstract
Background & Objective:
Location allocation of healthcare centers facilitates the accessibility of
health services and the lack of proper distribution of these centers leads to
increasing problems of citizens' access to these centers. The main objective of
this study was to evaluate the distribution of healthcare centers in the region
of the study and to determine deprived areas from this services.
Materials & Methods: This
research is a case study that has been done on region 11 of Tehran. The data
were collected form maps and they have been analyzed by Analytical Hierarchy
Process (AHP) in GIS environment.
Results: There are 10 hospitals in the study
area that include seven percentage of all hospitals in Tehran. In the
evaluation of the information layers, the layers of the residential and the
industrial centers were respectively weighted %19(maximum weight) and
%1(minimum weight). After the compatibility analysis, the rate of
incompatibility of different lands with treatment land was four percentage.
This study showed overlapping services of existing hospitals by determining
service radius of 1500 m. In addition, with combining information layers on the
final map, suitable areas for optimal placement of health centers were
identified.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that
current locations of medical centers in region11 of Tehran do not match with
scientific standards.
Bita Sadat Zegordi, Ali Akbari Sari, Hamidn Ravaghi, Arash Bordbar, Mohamad Moradi Joo, Aidin Arian Khesal,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (11-2015)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and one of the leading causes of death in the productivity ages. Mammography screening is the main method for the diagnosis of breast cancer. While analog mammography counts as the standard method of screening, the digital one can be an alternative. This review compared the effectiveness and safety of these technologies.
Materials & Methods: In order to collect evidence of the effectiveness of analog and digital mammography, a systematic review of diagnostic accuracy studies from 1990 to March 2014 was conducted. The most relevant databases included Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE), NHS Economic Evaluation Database (NHS EEDs), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, TRIP, PubMed, and Medline. The keywords included mammography and its roots. After identifying the appropriate studies, the quality was evaluated by QUADAS, and the meta-analysis was used for extracted data pooling.
Results: Of all the 35,284 related studies, 166 were selected after topic review. Subsequently, 13 studies were selected for analysis, removing duplicates and abstracts or full paper reviews. The quality of 9 studies was good while that of the rest was average. The meta-analysis revealed that the sensitivity of analog and digital mammography in women under 50 years of age was 0.61 and 0.81, respectively.
Conclusion: Owing to the higher sensitivity and safety of digital mammography and based on the increasing prevalence of breast cancer among the Iranian women, especially in the ages of 45-50, we recommend digital rather than analog mammography for breast cancer screening and diagnosis.
Badrosadat Motaghi, Sohrab Najafipour,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (12-2015)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of nosocomial infection. OprD protein is a specific protein regulating the uptake of carbapenem antibiotic. Loss of OprD is the main mechanism of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa resistance to carbapenem. In this study, the presence of OprD gene is investigated in isolated Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in burn patients of Ghotboddin hospital in Shiraz.
Material & Methods: 66 Pseudomonas Aeruginosa were isolated from wound specimens of 250 burn patients. Strain characteristics were confirmed by biochemical tests. Antibiogram was done via disc diffusion method. Finally, OprD gene was investigated by PCR.
Results: Isolated Pseudomonas Aeruginosa showed more sensitivity to chloramphenicol and colicitin and more resistance to ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, cefotaxim, ceftazidin, imipenem, meropenem, and erythromycin. 61 percent of isolates were positive for OprD gene by PCR.
Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that Colicitin and chloramphenicol are more effective in treatment of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa infections in burn patients, and deletion and mutation in OprD gene cause bacterium resistance to carbapenem antibiotic.
Atena Sadat Ghoreishi, Fahimeh Mohammadian Shahrbabaki, Navid Toghroli, Mahmoud Sheikh Fathollahi, Mohammad Reza Hajizadeh, Alireza Khoshdel, Mahdi Mahmoodi,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (3-2016)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Diabetes is one of the most common diseases which is usually seen in modern societies. Due to the increased risk of the disease and its related complications, in addition to the harmless properties of sesame seeds, this research was aimed to study the effect of consuming sesame seeds on some biochemical factors in type 2 diabetic patients.
Materials & Methods: This clinical trial has been carried out on 60 type 2 diabetic patients who were randomly divided into two groups of 30 sesame seeds consumers (case) and 30 non sesame seeds consumers (control).The case group was given 60 grams sesame seeds per day for 2 months and the control group did not receive any sesame seeds. The patient information was collected by questionnaire. The fasting blood serum of patients at the beginning and the end of the testing were collected and the biochemical factors of this study were measured in laboratory. For the data analysis, two independent samples t-test and paired t-test were used.
Results: In this study, the mean ± SD (Standard Deviation) of the patients’ ages in the two groups, sesame seeds consumers (case) and non sesame seeds consumers (control), was 72/5 ± 40/52 and 11/6 ± 00/56 years, respectively. The results showed that fasting blood glucose, HbA1C, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL (Low-density Lipoprotein), ALT (Alanine Transaminase) and ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase) were statistically decreased after the consumption of sesame seeds (P<0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results, and by considering the sesame seeds harmless effects, it can be suggested that probably this plant is useful as a complementary therapy for treatment and prevention of diabetes disorders.
Hossein Mohammadpour, Vahid Razban, Dr Mahdi Mahmoodi, Mohammad Reza Hajizadeh, Maryam Hosseinipour, Atena Sadat Ghoreishi, Gity Farsi, Farzaneh Sadat Hosseini, Ali Reza Khoshdel,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (9-2017)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been investigated as a promising cell source for therapeutic and engineering applications. Common proliferation protocols use fetal bovine serum (FBS) as a growth factor which is potentially a source of pathogens, and contains animal antigens that can cause an allergic reaction after transplantation in the recipient, and regarding immunity, human serum (HS) could be a suitable alternative to it. The aim of this study is to compare the culture medium enriched with FBS or HS as supplements in the proliferation and differentiation of ADSCs.
Materials & Methods: Human serum was extracted from 90 ml venous blood of a healthy person, taken in respective intervals. The ADSCs were isolated according to the protocol from adipose tissue after lipolysis operation and cultured by mediums enriched with FBS or HS. Expression of the surface markers of ADSCs was investigated by flow cytometry. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by Alizarin Red staining method.
Results: The analysis of cell growth showed that the isolation and proliferation of ADSCs in both media (HS & FBS) were similar, but there was a significant difference in case of differentiation in the HS medium.
Conclusion: This study showed that FBS could be replaced by HS in case of isolation, proliferation and differentiation of stem cells studies as supplement. Furthermore, our data suggest a fast and safe proliferation protocol by using human serum in the stem cells culture and cell-based therapies.
Seiedeh Razieh Sadat Shirazi, Ardeshir Hesampour,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer deaths in Iran and the United States women population. Late detection of illness could lead to death of the patient and has a lot of cost expenses to economy, so early diagnosis of pain and costs imposed for patients will be reduced.CK19 has the potential for early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. In this study, the potential for gene expression of CK19 as a molecular biomarker for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer in the circulatory system was investigated using Real Time PCR technique, so that it could be further investigated evaluated about the mechanism and effect of this gene, the title is a good target for treating ovarian cancer.
Material & Methods: In this case-control study, 50 blood samples from women with ovarian cancer and 50 normal control blood samples from patients referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital were reviewed. After collecting samples, extraction Total RNA from frozen ovarian epithelial blood samples, cDNA was performed from the cDNA. Finally, the expression of the CK19 gene in 50 patient blood samples and 50 normal blood samples was investigated using qRT-PCR technique.
Results: We determined that CK19 was significantly up-regulated in ovarian cancer, compared to normal blood sample. Further investigations revealed that this overexpression is elevated by increasing the malignancy stage.
Conclusion: This test showed a significant increase CK19 in patients, expression of CK19 was quantitatively measured and expression of CK19 was reported in the serum of positive patients. Also according to grade the patient was different in the serum of patients with CK19 and the higher the patient progressed the higher the expression.
Mohammad Vahid Jorat, Mohammad Hossein Nikoo, Leila Malekmakan, Maryam Al Sadat Salami, Seyed Mojtaba Kashfipour, Seyed Amir Aslani, Seyed Taghi Heydari, Negar Firouzabadi,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (4-2020)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: In recent years, the rate of implantation of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) has progressively increased, while the rate of device related infections (DRI) was disproportionately higher. To decrease the chance of DRI, we evaluated the effect of two local antibiotic prophylaxis methods during CIED implantation on preventing pocket infection as the most common DRI.
Materials & Methods: This retrospective, multicenter, cohort study included patients who underwent CIED implantation. All patients received intravenous antibiotic one hour prior to operation. Local antibiotic prophylaxis was done for all patients by either of two methods; irrigation of the pocket by Cephalothin, or its injection into the pocket at the end of the procedure via suture line, according to the operator’s preference.
Results: From March 2011 to March 2016, 1003 patients underwent CIED implantation. Pocket irrigation by antibiotic was done for 664 cases and antibiotic injection for 339 cases. Infection rate was 1.6% in all patients; 2.3% in irrigation group vs. 0.3% in injection group (P=0.016). There were not significant differences in lead impedance and pacing threshold trend up to 2 months after devices implantation among the patients with two methods of local antibiotic prophylaxis. (P>0.05)
Conclusion: Local antibiotic injection via the suture line after CIED implantation may increase prophylactic effect of intravenous antibiotic infusion against DRI.
Zahra Soleymany Kahreh, Saeedeh Sadat Hosseini, Karim Afsharinia,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (4-2020)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Although progress has been made in the treatment of cardiac patients in the last two decades, the prevalence of coronary heart disease is on the rise. Also, factors such as social stress, conflict and hostile behavior can lead to abnormal coronary artery contractions, increased coronary artery occlusion, malignant heart rate abnormalities, and consequently, cardiac failure. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of non-prescriptive CBT, tone and musical therapy in the resilience of coronary artery disease patients.
Materials & Methods: In this research, a pseudo-experimental design was used with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the study included all patients with coronary artery disease who were hospitalized in Imam Ali Hospital in Kermanshah in 2017-2018. Sampling in this study was carried out in two stages. A sample of 50 eligible individuals was selected. The data gathering tool was the Conor and Davidson self-report questionnaire. The data were analyzed using MANOVA and MANCOVA in SPSS20 software.
Results: The results of the study showed that the three therapeutic methods had a favorable effect on the patients' vibration, but CBT treatments had a more favorable effect on patients' resilience. After CBT, relaxation had the greatest impact on patient's resilience.
Conclusion: The effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy in increasing the resilience of coronary artery disease patients is more than music therapy and behavioral relaxation.
Mina Alsadat Hashemi, Leila Pishkar, Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (8-2020)
Abstract
Background & Objective: According to the Iranian Ministry of Health prevalence of register‐identified inflammatory bowel disease among Iranian patients increased. The functional role of the TLR4 gene as a mediator of innate immune responses to pathogenic microbes in the gastrointestinal tract and its relationship to epigenetic changes is important. Our goal is to investigate the promoter DNA methylation of TLR4 gene in inflammatory bowel disease and to evaluate TLR4 gene as a biomarker to diagnose the disease.
Materials & Methods: In this case-control study, DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of 55 volunteers including 35 patients with IBD and 20 healthy controls. High resolution melting technique (HRM) was used to investigate the promoter methylation changes of TLR4 DNA sequence in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and healthy controls.
Results: According to the results of this study, methylation level analysis of CpG regions of TLR4 promoter showed no significant difference between 35 inflammatory bowel patients and 20 healthy individuals (P = 0.525). Also in this study, methylation changes were performed in relation to clinicopathological features that no significant relationship was observed. A significant assocation was observed between the levels of methylation in Fars compared to other ethnic groups such as Kurdish, Lor, Turk, Gilani, Arab, Mazandaran and Afghan (= 0.035 P Value).
Conclusion: This study showed that there is no significant relationship between the level of promoter methylation of TLR4 gene in the blood of patients
Abdolhamid Amouei, Farzin Banei, Mohammad Mahsi Abootorabi, Mojtaba Babaei Zarch, Zahra Sadat Hosseini,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (11-2020)
Abstract
Lipoblastoma is a rare, benign lesion of adipose tissue that usually occurs in upper and lower limbs. However, lipoblastoma of head and neck, trunk, mediastinum, mesenteric,
retroperitoneum, kidneys, and perineal region has been reported to date. In this case report, we introduce lipoblastoma in a 16-month female infant who was referred to the clinic by her parents because of a rapid growing mass in labia major region from 2 months ago. In imaging, an ill-defined lobulated mass with heterogeneous enhancement was found adjacent to the pubis and left inferior ramus that was suggestive of soft tissue sarcoma. The patient underwent incomplete radical vulvectomy. Histopathological study reported "lipoblastoma" as a definite diagnosis. Five-year follow up revealed no recurrence. Although genital lipoblastoma is a rare, benign lesion, it should be differentiated from malignant tumors such as liposarcoma.
Fatemeh Sadat Rahnama,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background& Objective: Today, domestic violence has increased significantly for various reasons and the quarantine period has increased this factor more than before. This study sought to investigate and determine the rate of domestic violence among married women in Fasa during the coronavirus disease, in 1399.
Materials & Methods: This research is descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional research. The study population consisted of women referring to health centers in Fasa. The sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula and was estimated to be 267 people. The data collection tool was a questionnaire to assess the awareness and attitude and practice related to domestic violence against women. Data were analyzed using an independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation coefficient.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between awareness of spouse abuse and domestic violence (p<0.05) and this relationship was negative and inverse. There was also a significant relationship between attitudes toward spouse abuse and domestic violence (p <0.05) and this relationship was negative and inverse relationship. The difference between the mean scores of knowledge and attitude between groups of different ages, with different duration of the marriage and groups with different social and economic statuses was significant (p<0.05). However, the difference in knowledge scores between groups with different levels of education was not significant, but the difference in attitude scores between groups with different educations was significant.
Conclusion: Increasing awareness and positive attitude towards spousal abuse reduces domestic violence and conversely, decreasing awareness and negative attitude towards spousal abuse increases domestic violence.
Hamid Yaghooti, Maryam Sadat Mirlohi, Saeed Shirali, Ali Aminasnafi,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Beta-thalassemia are among the most common autosomal recessive genetic disorders in Iran, especially in Khuzestan province. Beta-thalassemia exhibits significant phenotype heterogeneity and there are currently more than 200 known mutations in this region. Oxidative stress exacerbates multiple disorders, including thalassemia, an inherited hemolytic anemia caused by globin gene mutations. We aim to characterize significant mutations of widespread β-thalassemia in south-western Iran with respect to biochemical parameters, oxidative status and complications of diseases.
Material & method: Forty-five patients, aged between 15-35 years with β-thalassemia major were selected. The patients were receiving regular blood transfusion and chelation therapy and have been previously characterized to bear beta globin gene mutations. The subjects’ medical histories were documented by review of previous medical records. We also determined biochemical parameters including glycemic and iron indices, hepatic and renal function tests, oxidative stress markers and levels of advanced glycation end product species (Carboxy methyl lysine and Pentosidin).
Results: The most common mutation was found to be CD36/37(28.9%) followed by IVSII-1, and IVSI-110. Values of iron indices were significantly different in various mutation groups. Carboxy methyl lysine and pentosidine were found to be higher in the β-thalassemia patients with IVSII-1 and IVSI-110, respectively. Also sLOX-1 was found to be significantly higher in IVSI-110 group. Complications of the disease were differently presented in mutation groups and hemochromatosis, hepatomegaly, and diabetes were among the most common problems.
Conclusion: About 72 % of β-thalassemia major cases in southwest Iran result form 3 common mutations with different clinical and laboratory presentations. Molecular genetic testing can be helpful to evaluate the patients’ situation.
Niloofar Alimohammadi, Hamideh Pakniat, Monirsadat Mirzadeh, Ali Emami, Ahmadreza Vasheghani Farahani,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (11-2021)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Hydatidiform Mole (HM) is a type of gestational trophoblastic disease which causes serious complications and recognizing risk factors can play an important role in reducing the incidence. The aim of this study is to evaluate HM risk factors in Kowsar hospital in Qazvin, Iran.
Materials & Methods: In this case-control study, 77 pregnant women, by complete enumeration method with sonographic and pathological diagnosis of molar pregnancy in Qazvin Kowsar hospital in 2016-2017, were assigned to the case group and 77 pregnant women with no delivery problems were assigned to the control group. All demographic and midwifery data were extracted from the records in the hospital archive. Before patients were enrolled in this study, written consent was obtained. Data were analyzed by t-test and chi-square in SPSS software version 22. P<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Mean age in both case and control groups was 27.16 ± 7.26. There was no significant difference in preeclampsia, multiple pregnancy, blood groups, Rhesus (Rh) and contraceptive methods in case and group groups (P>0.05). There was a significant relationship between HM and history of molar pregnancy and multiparity (OR: 2.1; CI: 1.77-2.48; p=0.01, OR: 1.85; CI: 1.07-3.6: p=0.04).
Conclusion: The present study also showed that HM was more likely to occur in multipara patients and patients with history of molar pregnancy. Therefore, it is recommended that women should undergo health care before pregnancy and further studies are required to provide solutions to reduce the cases of HM.
Mohammad Sadegh Alemrajabi, Ammar Neshati, Vahid Moosavi, Maryam Sadat Sadrzadeh Afshar,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (11-2021)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Oral candidiasis is the most common fungal infection of the oral cavity, mainly caused by the overgrowth of Candida albicans. One of the topical medications for candidiasis is nystatin, a polyene antifungal agent. Nevertheless, increased resistance to this drug because of overprescription has caused recurrent oral candidiasis. There is a lot of interest today in the use of natural products and compounds due to the side effects of synthetic products. Propolis is a natural resin substance produced by bees through the combination of wax and saliva with resins collected from plants, which has reportedly antibacterial, antifungal and antitumor properties. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of propolis mouthwash and nystatin on C. albicans.
Materials & Methods: The present in vitro study, in which the effects of antifungal agents were investigated on the standard strain of C. albicans, was conducted within two groups of 15, nystatin and propolis, using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion susceptibility test after preparation and sterilization. The diameter of the zone of inhibition (ZOI) was measured in this assay using the disc diffusion method onto Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) medium.
Results: Statistical analysis of data by SPSS software using t-test statistics to evaluate the antifungal effect of the interventions showed a better antifungal effect of nystatin compared to propolis mouthwash against C. albicans (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrated that the local propolis mouthwash was less potent than nystatin in inhibiting the growth of C. albicans, probably due to differences in the concentration and geographical region of collected propolis. Further research on species isolated from oral biofilm is needed to achieve complementary outcomes.
Mahsa Al-Sadat Shajareh, Arezoo Dastpak, Mozhgan Emtyazjoo, Amir Mirzaie,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (4-2022)
Abstract
Background & Objective: The green synthesis of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is an eco-friendly and straightforward synthesis method. This study aimed to investigate the green synthesis of AgNPs using Nasturtium officinale leaf extract and analysis of their antibacterial activity against some nosocomial pathogens.
Materials & Methods: The obtained AgNPs were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). In addition, the antibacterial activity of synthesized AgNPs and N. officinale leaf extract were performed against five bacterial strains (Staphylococcus
epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) by agar disk diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration test.
Results: The green synthesized AgNPs had significant antimicrobial activity against all studied bacteria. In addition, greater inhibition activity was observed against E. coli and P. aeruginosa rather than other bacteria.
Conclusion: The synthesized AgNPs revealed a special antibacterial effect against selected bacteria, compared to leaf extract of N. officinale. Identifying new antibacterial agents with profound efficacy against antibiotic-resistant opportunistic pathogens is essential. These data provide an eco-friendly and rapid green approach for AgNPs synthesis and the potential of AgNPs for use in drug development against nosocomial infections.
Samanehsadat Shahidi, Zahra Tahmasebi Fard,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (4-2022)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Breast cancer is a phenotypically complex and diverse genetic disease caused by changes in the structure and expression of specific genes. Immune system factors are also involved in the etiology of this neoplasm. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of genetic changes (rs2243250 & rs2227284) on the interleukin 4 gene and body mass index on breast cancer risk in Iranian women.
Material & Methods: From women referring to Shohada-Tajrish Hospital, 100 women with breast cancer and 100 healthy women were selected. After blood sampling and DNA extraction, the women’s genotypes were determined using the RFLP-PCR technique. The results were evaluated by SPSS software version 21 and chi-square and logistic regression tests.
Results: Analysis of the results with different genetic models showed the effect of rs2243250 on breast cancer (p<0.05), but rs2227284 was not associated with breast cancer (p>0.05). People with the CC / TT genotype (polymorphism) were more likely to get breast cancer. Also, the increase in body mass index was significantly associated with both polymorphisms studied. Also, carriers of the TT genotype of rs2243250 polymorphism were more likely to develop breast cancer with aging.
Conclusion: Genetic alterations in the IL-4 gene and obesity probably contribute to breast cancer, and carriers of both genetic modifications (CC / TT) are more likely to develop breast cancer.
Parvin Sadat Hosseini, Maryam Rafieirad, Somayeh Esmaeili,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (11-2022)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders in humans, which appears as sudden, episodic, repetitive, and unpredictable seizures, and these patients suffer from memory impairment. Medicinal herbs have long been used to treat epilepsy. In this study, the impact of effective oleuropein on the time of arising of attacks and the rate of attack's incidence of tonic, clonic, tonic-clonic, and total seizure longevity in male rats was investigated.
Materials & Methods: Forty rats were randomly divided into four groups of 10. The negative control group (the recipient of normal saline), the positive control group (the recipient of diazepam 1 mg/kg), and the two treatment groups (the recipient of doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg of oleuropein). After 30 min of oleuropein administration, saline, or diazepam, pentylenetetrazole was injected intraperitoneally into rats' bodies at a dose of 85 mg/kg, and 30 min after injection, seizure parameters were evaluated. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's statistical tests.
Results: Injection of the oleuropein significantly increased the threshold of seizures in the form of initial delay at the arising of seizure in the positive control group and treatment groups (P< 0.001). Furthermore, it reduces the time of seizures in different phases (P< 0.001). In addition, a dose of 10 mg/kg oleuropein has the highest effect on total seizure longevity.
Conclusion: This study showed that oleuropein has an appropriate anti-seizure effect and future studies appear to be necessary for further understanding of the mechanism.
Pezhman Bagheri, Maryam Sadat Mousavi Seyedjalali, Zahra Montaseri,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (10-2025)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Following the global pandemic, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has remained endemic in many regions of the world; therefore, examining the various factors influencing reinfection can help establish a stronger evidence base for effective prevention and control. Accordingly, this study aimed to identify predictors of COVID-19 reinfection and the associated risk factors.
Materials & Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted with 147 patients in southern Iran. Information on the case group was collected, and a control group was selected. Structured interviews were conducted to obtain relevant data, which were documented in a checklist. The data were then analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression.
Results: The study included 74 (50.3%) men, with a mean age of 36.45 years. The control group reported a higher frequency of mask use and daily fruit consumption compared to the case group. In the univariate analysis, mask use, underlying diseases, and fruit consumption were significantly associated with reinfection. However, in the multivariate analysis, only the association with underlying diseases remained statistically significant (p = 0.031, OR = 3.445).
Conclusions: The findings indicate that underlying diseases substantially increase the risk of COVID-19 reinfection and should therefore be prioritized in prevention strategies.
