Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences
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Wed, Oct 14, 2026
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Volume 16, Issue 4 (9-2026)
J Adv Biomed Sci. 2026, 16(4): 0-0 |
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Yousefi R, Khaleghinejad S H, Gholami D. Age-Specific Patterns and Cross-National Heterogeneity in Suicide Mortality Across 25 Countries: A Descriptive, Correlational, and Regression Analysis. J Adv Biomed Sci. 2026; 16 (4)
URL: http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3244-en.html
URL: http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/article-1-3244-en.html
1- Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
2- Department of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran ,hosseinkhaleghi89@yahoo.com
3- Department of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
2- Department of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran ,
3- Department of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
Abstract: (3 Views)
Background & Objective: Suicide is a complex, preventable global public health problem characterized by substantial geographical and demographic heterogeneity. This ecological study aimed to compare suicide mortality rates per 100,000 population across Iran and 24 neighboring or regional comparator countries in 2019, focusing on age-specific patterns and between-country variation to inform context-specific prevention strategies.
Materials & Methods: Using a retrospective observational design and secondary data from the WHO Global Health Estimates, we analyzed suicide mortality across 11 ordered age-group categories. The data were examined using descriptive statistics and distributional assessments, including the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Comparative analyses employed Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients and linear regression to assess associations between age-group rank and mortality rates. The study was reported in accordance with the STROBE guidelines.
Results: Across the 25 countries, suicide mortality exhibited substantial cross-national and age-specific heterogeneity. The highest mean rate was observed in Kazakhstan (32.12 ± 27.18), whereas the lowest was recorded in Syria (3.03 ± 1.10) per 100,000 population. Most countries showed statistically significant departures from normality. Spearman correlation analyses revealed predominantly strong positive associations across age-group ranks, particularly in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Jordan, Iraq, Egypt, and Tajikistan, whereas Iran, Oman, Uzbekistan, and the United Arab Emirates exhibited weaker or more heterogeneous patterns. Regression analyses demonstrated a significant positive age-related gradient in the Russian Federation, but not in Iran, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Uzbekistan, or Yemen. These findings suggest that suicide mortality patterns may reflect diverse socioeconomic, cultural, and health system factors. The discrepancy between absolute mortality rates and age-specific profiles indicates that geographical proximity does not necessarily correspond to epidemiological similarity. The study's limitations include its ecological design and the potential underreporting of suicide deaths because of social stigma.
Conclusion: Suicide mortality in the studied regions is characterized by substantial geographical and age-specific heterogeneity. Effective prevention requires age-sensitive, multisectoral strategies and strengthened national surveillance systems.
Materials & Methods: Using a retrospective observational design and secondary data from the WHO Global Health Estimates, we analyzed suicide mortality across 11 ordered age-group categories. The data were examined using descriptive statistics and distributional assessments, including the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Comparative analyses employed Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients and linear regression to assess associations between age-group rank and mortality rates. The study was reported in accordance with the STROBE guidelines.
Results: Across the 25 countries, suicide mortality exhibited substantial cross-national and age-specific heterogeneity. The highest mean rate was observed in Kazakhstan (32.12 ± 27.18), whereas the lowest was recorded in Syria (3.03 ± 1.10) per 100,000 population. Most countries showed statistically significant departures from normality. Spearman correlation analyses revealed predominantly strong positive associations across age-group ranks, particularly in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Jordan, Iraq, Egypt, and Tajikistan, whereas Iran, Oman, Uzbekistan, and the United Arab Emirates exhibited weaker or more heterogeneous patterns. Regression analyses demonstrated a significant positive age-related gradient in the Russian Federation, but not in Iran, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Uzbekistan, or Yemen. These findings suggest that suicide mortality patterns may reflect diverse socioeconomic, cultural, and health system factors. The discrepancy between absolute mortality rates and age-specific profiles indicates that geographical proximity does not necessarily correspond to epidemiological similarity. The study's limitations include its ecological design and the potential underreporting of suicide deaths because of social stigma.
Conclusion: Suicide mortality in the studied regions is characterized by substantial geographical and age-specific heterogeneity. Effective prevention requires age-sensitive, multisectoral strategies and strengthened national surveillance systems.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Epidemiology
Received: 2026/09/3 | Revised: 2026/10/14 | Accepted: 2026/10/4 | Published: 2026/09/10
Received: 2026/09/3 | Revised: 2026/10/14 | Accepted: 2026/10/4 | Published: 2026/09/10
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