Journal of Advanced Biomedical Sciences

en شیوع و عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر آسم در بزرگسالان فسا، ایران: یک مطالعه کوهورت مقطعی مبتنی بر جمعیت Prevalence and Social Determinants of Asthma among Adults in Fasa, Iran: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study اپيدميولوژي Epidemiology پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><a name="_Hlk212695664">Background & Objectives:</a> Asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease characterized by variable airflow limitation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Its prevalence is increasing, particularly in rapidly urbanizing regions, largely due to environmental and lifestyle transitions. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of asthma and to identify associated demographic, occupational, and health-related risk factors in Fasa, Iran. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted between 2013 and 2017, a total of 353 adults from both urban and rural areas were enrolled. Data were collected using a standardized checklist covering demographic characteristics, occupation, educational attainment, marital status, smoking behavior, and comorbid conditions, including diabetes. Pulmonary function was assessed via spirometry, measuring FEV₁, FVC, FEV₁/FVC ratio, and PEF, in accordance with international guidelines. Results: Of the participants, 136 (38.5%) were male and 217 (61.5%) were female. Overall, females exhibited lower spirometric indices than males. The mean FEV₁ (L) and FVC (L) were 1.54 ± 0.85 and 2.63 ± 0.52 in females, compared with 2.61 ± 0.61 and 3.67 ± 0.33 in males, respectively, findings consistent with established sex-related differences in pulmonary function. Peak expiratory flow was also substantially higher in males (384.4 ± 13.15) than in females (267.1 ± 3.10). With respect to comorbidities, diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease were not significantly associated with asthma. In contrast, respiratory symptoms, including wheezing and shortness of breath, were significantly associated with asthma, with p-values ≤ 0.05 and ≤ 0.04, respectively. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the burden of asthma in Fasa is associated with gender, occupation, educational level, marital status, and diabetes. These results underscore the need for targeted public health interventions, including early diagnosis, patient education, and improved access to care. Further longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to confirm these associations and to elucidate potential causal pathways.</div>   Asthma, Prevalence, Pulmonary function, Cohort study 0 0 http://jabs.fums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2922-4&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Yousef Gholampour یوسف غلامپور YousefGholampour@gmail.com 100319475328460030854 100319475328460030854 No Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Science, Fasa, Iran گروه بیماری‌های داخلی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی فسا، فسا، ایران Ramin Hayati رامین حیاتی Ramin.Hayati202@gmail.com 100319475328460030855 100319475328460030855 No Department of Public Health, School of Health, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran گروه بهداشت عمومی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی فسا، فسا، ایران Mohammadreza Keshtkar محمدرضا کشتکار m.r.keshtkar94@gmail.com 100319475328460030856 0009-0008-2909-0616 No Student Research Committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Irann کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی فسا، فسا، ایران Hamed Mohammadi حامد محمدی hamed.mohamadi36@gmail.com 100319475328460030857 100319475328460030857 No Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Torbat Jam, Iran گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده علوم پزشکی، تربت‌جام، ایران Afsaneh Ghasemi افسانه قاسمی naz7899@yahoo.com 100319475328460030858 100319475328460030858 No Department of Public Health, School of Health, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran گروه بهداشت عمومی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی فسا، فسا، ایران Azizallah Dehghan عزیزاله دهقان dehghan.aziz@hotmail.com 100319475328460030859 100319475328460030859 No Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran مرکز تحقیقات بیماری‌های غیرواگیر، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی فسا، فسا، ایران Navid Alinejad نوید علی نژاد navidalinejad@yahoo.com 100319475328460030853 100319475328460030853 Yes Department of Public Health, School of Health, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran گروه بهداشت عمومی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی فسا، فسا، ایران Saeed SiSakthi سعید سی سختی saeed.sisakhti76@gmail.com 100319475328460030860 0009-0002-6559-2927 No Student Research Committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی فسا، فسا، ایران